वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-48, verse-27

लिलिपुश्च परार्ध्येन चन्दनेन परंतपम् ।
दिव्यैराच्छादयामासुर्माल्यैर्गन्धैः सुगन्धिभिः ॥२७॥

27. lilipuśca parārdhyena candanena paraṃtapam ,
divyairācchādayāmāsurmālyairgandhaiḥ sugandhibhiḥ.

27. lilipuḥ ca parārdhyena candanena paraṃtapam divyaiḥ
ācchādayāmāsuḥ mālyaiḥ gandhaiḥ sugandhibhiḥ

27. They smeared the tormentor of foes with the most excellent sandalwood, and covered him with divine, fragrant garlands and perfumes.

Words meanings summery:

• लिलिपुः (lilipuḥ) - they smeared, they anointed

• च (ca) - and, also

• परार्ध्येन (parārdhyena) - with most excellent, with most precious, with supreme

• चन्दनेन (candanena) - with sandalwood

• परंतपम् (paraṁtapam) - Kumbhakarna, who is being roused from his sleep (the tormentor of foes, the subduer of enemies)

• दिव्यैः (divyaiḥ) - with divine, with celestial

• आच्छादयामासुः (ācchādayāmāsuḥ) - they covered

• माल्यैः (mālyaiḥ) - with garlands

• गन्धैः (gandhaiḥ) - with fragrances, with perfumes

• सुगन्धिभिः (sugandhibhiḥ) - with fragrant, with sweet-smelling

Words meanings and morphology

लिलिपुः (lilipuḥ) - they smeared, they anointed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of lip

perfect active third person plural

Perfect stem `lilep-`, suffix `uḥ` (3rd plural). Reduplicated form from √lip.

Root: lip (class 6)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

परार्ध्येन (parārdhyena) - with most excellent, with most precious, with supreme

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of parārdhya

parārdhya - most excellent, most precious, supreme, invaluable

Derived from `para` (other/supreme) and `ardha` (part/value), implying supreme value.

Note: Agrees with `candanena`.

चन्दनेन (candanena) - with sandalwood

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of candana

candana - sandalwood, a type of fragrant tree and its paste

From √cand (to shine, to gladden).

Root: cand (class 1)

परंतपम् (paraṁtapam) - Kumbhakarna, who is being roused from his sleep (the tormentor of foes, the subduer of enemies)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies (epithet)

Compound: `para` (enemy) + `tapa` (causing pain/heat). Agent noun from √tap with `para`.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+tapa)

• para – other, hostile, enemy
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – causing pain, heating, tormenting
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √tap (to heat, torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Object of `lilipuḥ` and `ācchādayāmāsuḥ`.

दिव्यैः (divyaiḥ) - with divine, with celestial

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of divya

divya - divine, celestial, heavenly, excellent

From `div` (heaven).

Note: Agrees with `mālyaiḥ` and `gandhaiḥ`.

आच्छादयामासुः (ācchādayāmāsuḥ) - they covered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of ā-chad

perfect active third person plural (causative)

Causative stem `ācchādaya-`, combined with `ām-pratyaya` for perfect, indicating action performed for another (or self).

Prefix: ā

Root: chad (class 10)

माल्यैः (mālyaiḥ) - with garlands

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of mālya

mālya - garland, wreath, chaplet

From `mālā` (garland).

गन्धैः (gandhaiḥ) - with fragrances, with perfumes

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gandha

gandha - smell, fragrance, perfume, odor

From √ghrā (to smell).

Root: ghrā (class 1)

सुगन्धिभिः (sugandhibhiḥ) - with fragrant, with sweet-smelling

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sugandhi

sugandhi - fragrant, sweet-smelling, perfumed

Compound: `su` (good) + `gandhi` (smell, having a smell).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+gandhi)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• gandhi – smell, fragrance, perfume; having a smell
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from `gandha`, refers to having a smell.

Note: Agrees with `mālyaiḥ` and `gandhaiḥ`.

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