वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-48, verse-56

स सर्वान् सान्त्वयामास नैरृतान्नैरृतर्षभः ।
बोधनाद्विस्मितश्चापि राक्षसानिदमब्रवीत् ॥५६॥

56. sa sarvān sāntvayāmāsa nairṛtānnairṛtarṣabhaḥ ,
bodhanādvismitaścāpi rākṣasānidamabravīt.

56. saḥ sarvān sāntvayāmāsa nairṛtān nairṛtarṣabhaḥ
bodhanāt vismitaḥ ca api rākṣasān idam abravīt

56. He, the foremost among the Rākṣasas (nairṛtarṣabhaḥ), consoled all those Rākṣasas (nairṛtān). And, astonished by being awakened, he spoke this to them.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (masculine nominative singular)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, all of them

• सान्त्वयामास (sāntvayāmāsa) - he comforted, he consoled

• नैरृतान् (nairṛtān) - to the Rākṣasas (demons), followers of Nirṛti

• नैरृतर्षभः (nairṛtarṣabhaḥ) - bull among Rākṣasas, best of Rākṣasas, foremost Rākṣasa

• बोधनात् (bodhanāt) - from awakening, by the act of waking

• विस्मितः (vismitaḥ) - astonished, surprised, amazed

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• राक्षसान् (rākṣasān) - to the Rākṣasas (demons)

• इदम् (idam) - this (neuter accusative singular)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that (masculine nominative singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, all of them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

सान्त्वयामास (sāntvayāmāsa) - he comforted, he consoled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of sāntvaya

Periphrastic Perfect

Periphrastic perfect form using 'āmāsa' with the denominative verb 'sāntvaya' (from 'sāntva', conciliation).

Root: sāntv

नैरृतान् (nairṛtān) - to the Rākṣasas (demons), followers of Nirṛti

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nairṛta

nairṛta - a Rākṣasa; related to Nirṛti (a goddess of dissolution and calamity)

Derived from 'nirṛti' with the 'aṇ' suffix, indicating 'belonging to' or 'descendant of'.

नैरृतर्षभः (nairṛtarṣabhaḥ) - bull among Rākṣasas, best of Rākṣasas, foremost Rākṣasa

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nairṛtarṣabha

nairṛtarṣabha - best of Rākṣasas, a leading Rākṣasa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nairṛta+ṛṣabha)

• nairṛta – a Rākṣasa, related to Nirṛti
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull; chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

बोधनात् (bodhanāt) - from awakening, by the act of waking

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bodhana

bodhana - awakening, rousing, causing to perceive

Derived from the root √budh (to awaken, perceive) with the nominal suffix -lyuṭ.

Root: budh (class 1)

विस्मितः (vismitaḥ) - astonished, surprised, amazed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vismita

vismita - astonished, amazed, perplexed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √smi (to wonder, be surprised) with the prefix 'vi-' and the past passive participle suffix -kta.

Prefix: vi

Root: smi (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

राक्षसान् (rākṣasān) - to the Rākṣasas (demons)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a Rākṣasa, demon

इदम् (idam) - this (neuter accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here (proximate pronoun)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense (Laṅ) 3rd person singular of the root √brū.

Root: brū (class 2)

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