वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-48, verse-21

ते तु तं विकृतं सुप्तं विकीर्णमिव पर्वतम् ।
कुम्भकर्णं महानिद्रं सहिताः प्रत्यबोधयन् ॥२१॥

21. te tu taṃ vikṛtaṃ suptaṃ vikīrṇamiva parvatam ,
kumbhakarṇaṃ mahānidraṃ sahitāḥ pratyabodhayan.

21. te tu tam vikṛtam suptam vikīrṇam iva parvatam
kumbhakarṇam mahānidram sahitāḥ pratyabodhayan

21. te sahitāḥ tu vikīrṇam iva parvatam vikṛtam
suptam mahānidram tam kumbhakarṇam pratyabodhayan

21. But they, gathered together, roused that monstrous Kumbhakarna, who was sleeping profoundly, vast like a sprawling mountain.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they (the monkeys/soldiers) (they)

• तु (tu) - indeed, (serving as a connective particle) (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• तम् (tam) - him (Kumbhakarna) (him, that)

• विकृतम् (vikṛtam) - monstrous, grotesque (Kumbhakarna) (deformed, monstrous, changed, altered)

• सुप्तम् (suptam) - sleeping (Kumbhakarna) (slept, sleeping)

• विकीर्णम् (vikīrṇam) - sprawling, spread out (like a mountain) (scattered, spread out, sprawling)

• इव (iva) - like, as if (like, as if, similar to)

• पर्वतम् (parvatam) - a mountain (mountain, hill)

• कुम्भकर्णम् (kumbhakarṇam) - Kumbhakarna (the demon) (Kumbhakarna)

• महानिद्रम् (mahānidram) - in a state of deep sleep (having great sleep, deeply sleeping)

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - all together (the monkeys/soldiers) (accompanied, united, together)

• प्रत्यबोधयन् (pratyabodhayan) - they (the monkeys/soldiers) roused him (they woke up, they roused)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they (the monkeys/soldiers) (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - indeed, (serving as a connective particle) (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him (Kumbhakarna) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विकृतम् (vikṛtam) - monstrous, grotesque (Kumbhakarna) (deformed, monstrous, changed, altered)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vikṛta

vikṛta - changed, altered, distorted, deformed, monstrous

Past Passive Participle

Derived from vi- + √kṛ (to make, to do) + kta suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सुप्तम् (suptam) - sleeping (Kumbhakarna) (slept, sleeping)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of supta

supta - slept, asleep, sleeping

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √svap (to sleep) + kta suffix (v changed to u, sv changed to s)

Root: svap (class 2)

विकीर्णम् (vikīrṇam) - sprawling, spread out (like a mountain) (scattered, spread out, sprawling)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vikīrṇa

vikīrṇa - scattered, spread out, expanded, sprawling

Past Passive Participle

Derived from vi- + √kṛ (to scatter) + kta suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛ (class 6)

इव (iva) - like, as if (like, as if, similar to)

(indeclinable)

पर्वतम् (parvatam) - a mountain (mountain, hill)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill, rock

कुम्भकर्णम् (kumbhakarṇam) - Kumbhakarna (the demon) (Kumbhakarna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kumbhakarṇa

kumbhakarṇa - Kumbhakarna (name of a giant demon)

महानिद्रम् (mahānidram) - in a state of deep sleep (having great sleep, deeply sleeping)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahānidra

mahānidra - having great sleep, deeply sleeping

Compound: mahā (great) + nidrā (sleep)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+nidrā)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• nidrā – sleep, slumber
  noun (feminine)
  Root: nidrā

Note: Describes Kumbhakarna.

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - all together (the monkeys/soldiers) (accompanied, united, together)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied, united, together, joined

Past Passive Participle

Derived from sa- + √dhā (to place, to put) + kta suffix; or sa + hita

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Refers to the subjects (they).

प्रत्यबोधयन् (pratyabodhayan) - they (the monkeys/soldiers) roused him (they woke up, they roused)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratibodhaya

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice. Causative form of pratibudh (to awaken someone).

Causative stem: pratibodhaya- (from prati- + √budh (to awaken) + ṇic + śap + an). Preceded by augment 'a'.

Prefix: prati

Root: budh (class 1)

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