वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-48, verse-58

अथ वा ध्रुवमन्येभ्यो भयं परमुपस्थितम् ।
यदर्थमेव त्वरितैर्भवद्भिः प्रतिबोधितः ॥५८॥

58. atha vā dhruvamanyebhyo bhayaṃ paramupasthitam ,
yadarthameva tvaritairbhavadbhiḥ pratibodhitaḥ.

58. atha vā dhruvam anyebhyaḥ bhayam param upasthitam
yadartham eva tvaritaiḥ bhavadbhiḥ pratibodhitaḥ

58. Or perhaps, surely, a great danger has arisen from others, for which very reason you have hastily awakened me.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon, or else

• वा (vā) - or, either

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - surely, certainly, indeed

• अन्येभ्यः (anyebhyaḥ) - From other beings, likely enemies. (from others, to others (masculine/neuter plural))

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear, danger

• परम् (param) - great, supreme, extreme, severe

• उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - present, arrived, imminent, happened

• यदर्थम् (yadartham) - for which purpose, for which reason

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, very

• त्वरितैः (tvaritaiḥ) - Referring to the Rākṣasas who awoke Kumbhakarṇa in a hurry. (by the hurried ones, by those who acted swiftly)

• भवद्भिः (bhavadbhiḥ) - by you (plural, respectful)

• प्रतिबोधितः (pratibodhitaḥ) - awakened, roused, made to understand

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon, or else

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - surely, certainly, indeed

(indeclinable)

अन्येभ्यः (anyebhyaḥ) - From other beings, likely enemies. (from others, to others (masculine/neuter plural))

(pronoun)

Ablative, plural of anya

anya - other, different

भयम् (bhayam) - fear, danger

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, danger

Derived from the root √bhī (to fear) with the suffix 'a'.

Root: bhī (class 3)

परम् (param) - great, supreme, extreme, severe

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, distant, supreme, chief, excellent, extreme

उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - present, arrived, imminent, happened

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upasthita

upasthita - present, near, arrived, happened, standing by

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √sthā (to stand) with the prefix 'upa-' and the past passive participle suffix -kta.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

यदर्थम् (yadartham) - for which purpose, for which reason

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yat+artha)

• yat – which, what (relative pronoun)
  pronoun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, reason, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, very

(indeclinable)

त्वरितैः (tvaritaiḥ) - Referring to the Rākṣasas who awoke Kumbhakarṇa in a hurry. (by the hurried ones, by those who acted swiftly)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tvarita

tvarita - hurried, swift, quick

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √tvar (to hurry) with the past passive participle suffix -kta.

Root: tvar (class 1)

भवद्भिः (bhavadbhiḥ) - by you (plural, respectful)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, your worship (honorific second person pronoun)

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of √bhū (to be). Used as an honorific second person pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to the Rākṣasas who awakened Kumbhakarṇa.

प्रतिबोधितः (pratibodhitaḥ) - awakened, roused, made to understand

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratibodhita

pratibodhita - awakened, roused, taught, informed

Past Passive Participle (Causative)

Derived from the root √budh (to awaken, perceive) with the prefix 'prati-' in the causative form (ṇic) and the past passive participle suffix -kta.

Prefix: prati

Root: budh (class 1)

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