वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-48, verse-40

तेन शब्देन महता लङ्का समभिपूरिता ।
सपर्वतवना सर्वा सो ऽपि नैव प्रबुध्यते ॥४०॥

40. tena śabdena mahatā laṅkā samabhipūritā ,
saparvatavanā sarvā so'pi naiva prabudhyate.

40. tena śabdena mahatā laṅkā samabhipūritā
saparvatavanā sarvā saḥ api na eva prabudhyate

40. tena mahatā śabdena saparvatavanā sarvā laṅkā
samabhipūritā saḥ api na eva prabudhyate

40. The entire city of Laṅkā, with all its mountains and forests, was completely filled by that great sound. Yet, even he (Kumbhakarṇa) did not awaken.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by that, with that

• शब्देन (śabdena) - by sound, with sound

• महता (mahatā) - by great, with great

• लङ्का (laṅkā) - The city of Lanka (Lanka (proper noun))

• समभिपूरिता (samabhipūritā) - completely filled

• सपर्वतवना (saparvatavanā) - with its mountains and forests

• सर्वा (sarvā) - all, entire

• सः (saḥ) - Kumbhakarṇa (he)

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• न (na) - not, no

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, even, only

• प्रबुध्यते (prabudhyate) - he awakens, he is awakened

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by that, with that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the 'sound'.

शब्देन (śabdena) - by sound, with sound

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word, noise

महता (mahatā) - by great, with great

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, big

Note: Agrees with `śabdena`.

लङ्का (laṅkā) - The city of Lanka (Lanka (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of laṅkā

laṅkā - Lanka (name of the capital of Rāvaṇa)

समभिपूरिता (samabhipūritā) - completely filled

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of samabhipūrita

samabhipūrita - completely filled, thoroughly pervaded

Past Passive Participle

From root `pṛ` (to fill) with prefixes `sam` and `abhi`.

Prefixes: sam+abhi

Root: pṛ (class 9)

Note: Functions as an adjective here.

सपर्वतवना (saparvatavanā) - with its mountains and forests

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saparvatavana

saparvatavana - endowed with mountains and forests, including mountains and forests

Bahuvrīhi compound, from 'sa' (with) + 'parvata' (mountain) + 'vana' (forest)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+parvata+vana)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable (prefix)
• parvata – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with `laṅkā`.

सर्वा (sarvā) - all, entire

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire, whole

Note: Agrees with `laṅkā`.

सः (saḥ) - Kumbhakarṇa (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Kumbhakarṇa.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, even, only

(indeclinable)

प्रबुध्यते (prabudhyate) - he awakens, he is awakened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, Present (Laṭ) of pra-budh

Present Middle

3rd person singular Present Middle (Ātmanepada), root `budh` with prefix `pra`

Prefix: pra

Root: budh (class 4)

Note: The middle voice can imply "awakens himself" or "is awakened". Here, it's more about "he awakens".

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