वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-48, verse-55

ततस्तृप्त इति ज्ञात्वा समुत्पेतुर्निशाचराः ।
शिरोभिश्च प्रणम्यैनं सर्वतः पर्यवारयन् ॥५५॥

55. tatastṛpta iti jñātvā samutpeturniśācarāḥ ,
śirobhiśca praṇamyainaṃ sarvataḥ paryavārayan.

55. tataḥ tṛptaḥ iti jñātvā samutpetuḥ niśācarāḥ
śirobhiḥ ca praṇamya enam sarvataḥ paryavārayan

55. Then, knowing that he was satisfied, the Rākṣasas (niśācarāḥ) rose up. They bowed their heads to him and surrounded him from all sides.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, thence

• तृप्तः (tṛptaḥ) - satisfied, content, gratified

• इति (iti) - Marks the end of a thought or direct statement. (thus, so, in this way)

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood, after knowing

• समुत्पेतुः (samutpetuḥ) - they sprang up, they arose

• निशाचराः (niśācarāḥ) - night-wanderers, Rākṣasas (demons)

• शिरोभिः (śirobhiḥ) - with heads, by means of heads

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed down, having saluted

• एनम् (enam) - him, this (masculine accusative singular)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, all around, entirely

• पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded, they encompassed

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, thence

(indeclinable)

Derived from the pronoun 'tad' (that) with the suffix '-tas' (indicating 'from there' or 'thence').

तृप्तः (tṛptaḥ) - satisfied, content, gratified

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tṛpta

tṛpta - satisfied, content, gratified

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √tṛp (to be satisfied) with the past passive participle suffix -kta.

Root: tṛp (class 4)

इति (iti) - Marks the end of a thought or direct statement. (thus, so, in this way)

(indeclinable)

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood, after knowing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root √jñā (to know) with the absolutive suffix -ktvā.

Root: jñā (class 9)

समुत्पेतुः (samutpetuḥ) - they sprang up, they arose

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of sam-ud-pat

Perfect tense (Lit) 3rd person plural of √pat with prefixes sam- and ud-.

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: pat (class 1)

निशाचराः (niśācarāḥ) - night-wanderers, Rākṣasas (demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niśācara

niśācara - night-wanderer, a Rākṣasa (demon)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, wandering, one who moves
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from the root √car (to move, wander).
  Root: car (class 1)

शिरोभिः (śirobhiḥ) - with heads, by means of heads

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śiras

śiras - head

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed down, having saluted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root √nam (to bow) with the prefix 'pra-' and the absolutive suffix -lyap (used for prefixed verbs).

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

एनम् (enam) - him, this (masculine accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enad

enad - this (proximate deictic pronoun)

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, all around, entirely

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'sarva' (all) with the suffix '-tas'.

पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded, they encompassed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pari-ava-vṛ

Imperfect tense (Laṅ) 3rd person plural of √vṛ (varaṇe, to cover, enclose) with prefixes 'pari-' and 'ava-'.

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: vṛ (class 5)

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