वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-48, verse-32

यदा भृशं तैर्निनदैर्महात्मा न कुम्भकर्णो बुबुधे प्रसुप्तः ।
ततो मुसुण्डीमुसलानि सर्वे रक्षोगणास्ते जगृहुर्गदाश्च ॥३२॥

32. yadā bhṛśaṃ tairninadairmahātmā na kumbhakarṇo bubudhe prasuptaḥ ,
tato musuṇḍīmusalāni sarve rakṣogaṇāste jagṛhurgadāśca.

32. yadā bhṛśam taiḥ ninadaiḥ mahātmā
na kumbhakarṇaḥ bubudhe
prasuptaḥ tataḥ musuṇḍīmusalāni sarve
rakṣogaṇāḥ te jagṛhuḥ gadāḥ ca

32. yadā prasuptaḥ mahātmā kumbhakarṇaḥ
taiḥ ninadaiḥ bhṛśam na
bubudhe tataḥ sarve te rakṣogaṇāḥ
musuṇḍīmusalāni gadāḥ ca jagṛhuḥ

32. When the great-souled (mahātmā) Kumbhakarṇa, who was deeply asleep, did not awaken much even with those loud noises, then all those groups of rākṣasas (demons) took up musuṇḍī maces, pestles, and clubs.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, much, intensely

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those

• निनदैः (ninadaiḥ) - by the noises, by the sounds

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - great-souled, noble

• न (na) - not

• कुम्भकर्णः (kumbhakarṇaḥ) - Kumbhakarṇa

• बुबुधे (bubudhe) - he awakened (he awakened, he knew)

• प्रसुप्तः (prasuptaḥ) - deeply asleep, fast asleep

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• मुसुण्डीमुसलानि (musuṇḍīmusalāni) - maces (musuṇḍī) and pestles

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• रक्षोगणाः (rakṣogaṇāḥ) - groups of rākṣasas (demons)

• ते (te) - those

• जगृहुः (jagṛhuḥ) - they took, seized

• गदाः (gadāḥ) - clubs, maces

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a temporal clause.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, much, intensely

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies the verb 'bubudhe'.

तैः (taiḥ) - by those

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the noises ('ninadaiḥ').

निनदैः (ninadaiḥ) - by the noises, by the sounds

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ninada

ninada - sound, noise, roar

Prefix: ni

Root: √nad (class 1)

Note: Instrumental cause of not awakening.

महात्मा (mahātmā) - great-souled, noble

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, high-minded, noble, the great self/spirit (mahātmā)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'kumbhakarṇaḥ'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'bubudhe'.

कुम्भकर्णः (kumbhakarṇaḥ) - Kumbhakarṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kumbhakarṇa

kumbhakarṇa - Kumbhakarṇa (name of Rāvaṇa's brother, lit. 'pot-eared')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kumbha+karṇa)

• kumbha – pot, jar
  noun (masculine)
• karṇa – ear
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'bubudhe'.

बुबुधे (bubudhe) - he awakened (he awakened, he knew)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of √budh

Root: √budh (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the first clause.

प्रसुप्तः (prasuptaḥ) - deeply asleep, fast asleep

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prasupta

prasupta - deeply asleep, completely asleep

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √svap (to sleep) with the prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: √svap (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'kumbhakarṇaḥ'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two clauses.

मुसुण्डीमुसलानि (musuṇḍīmusalāni) - maces (musuṇḍī) and pestles

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of musuṇḍīmusala

musuṇḍīmusala - mace (musuṇḍī) and pestle

Compound type : dvandva (musuṇḍī+musala)

• musuṇḍī – a kind of mace, a weapon
  noun (feminine)
• musala – pestle, club
  noun (masculine)

Note: Direct object of 'jagṛhuḥ'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Modifies 'rakṣogaṇāḥ'.

रक्षोगणाः (rakṣogaṇāḥ) - groups of rākṣasas (demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rakṣogaṇa

rakṣogaṇa - host/group of rākṣasas (demons)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (rakṣas+gaṇa)

• rakṣas – rākṣasa, demon
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• gaṇa – group, host, multitude
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'jagṛhuḥ'.

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, refers to 'rakṣogaṇāḥ'.

जगृहुः (jagṛhuḥ) - they took, seized

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of √grah

Root: √grah (class 9)

Note: Main verb of the second clause.

गदाः (gadāḥ) - clubs, maces

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of gadā

gadā - club, mace

Note: Direct object of 'jagṛhuḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction, connects 'musuṇḍīmusalāni' and 'gadāḥ'.

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