वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-48, verse-22

ऊर्ध्वरोमाञ्चिततनुं श्वसन्तमिव पन्नगम् ।
त्रासयन्तं महाश्वासैः शयानं भीमदर्शनम् ॥२२॥

22. ūrdhvaromāñcitatanuṃ śvasantamiva pannagam ,
trāsayantaṃ mahāśvāsaiḥ śayānaṃ bhīmadarśanam.

22. ūrdhvaromāñcitatantum śvasantam iva pannagam
trāsayantam mahāśvāsaiḥ śayānam bhīmadarśanam

22. ūrdhvaromāñcitatantum śvasantam iva pannagam
mahāśvāsaiḥ trāsayantam bhīmadarśanam śayānam

22. (They roused him) whose body had hairs standing erect, who was like a hissing serpent, terrifying with his mighty breaths, lying there with a dreadful appearance.

Words meanings summery:

• ऊर्ध्वरोमाञ्चिततन्तुम् (ūrdhvaromāñcitatantum) - Kumbhakarna, whose body was covered in erect hairs (due to his monstrous nature or deep sleep) (whose body has hairs standing on end due to excitement/fear)

• श्वसन्तम् (śvasantam) - hissing, breathing (like a snake) (breathing, hissing, snorting)

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• पन्नगम् (pannagam) - a serpent (snake, serpent)

• त्रासयन्तम् (trāsayantam) - frightening (others) with his breaths (frightening, terrifying)

• महाश्वासैः (mahāśvāsaiḥ) - with his enormous, heavy breaths (with great breaths/sighs)

• शयानम् (śayānam) - lying (asleep) (lying down, sleeping)

• भीमदर्शनम् (bhīmadarśanam) - whose sight was dreadful (of terrible appearance, dreadful to see)

Words meanings and morphology

ऊर्ध्वरोमाञ्चिततन्तुम् (ūrdhvaromāñcitatantum) - Kumbhakarna, whose body was covered in erect hairs (due to his monstrous nature or deep sleep) (whose body has hairs standing on end due to excitement/fear)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ūrdhvaromāñcitatánu

ūrdhvaromāñcitatánu - whose body has hairs standing erect, having hairs bristling upwards

Compound: ūrdhva (upward) + romāñcita (having horripilation) + tanu (body). A Bahuvrīhi compound describing one who possesses such a body.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ūrdhva+romāñcita+tanu)

• ūrdhva – upward, erect, elevated
  adjective
• romāñcita – having horripilation, with hairs standing erect (due to delight, fear, etc.)
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from romāñca (horripilation) + ita suffix
• tanu – body, form, person
  noun (feminine)

Note: Describes Kumbhakarna.

श्वसन्तम् (śvasantam) - hissing, breathing (like a snake) (breathing, hissing, snorting)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śvasant

śvasant - breathing, hissing, snorting

Present Active Participle

Derived from √śvas (to breathe, to hiss) + śatṛ suffix

Root: śvas (class 2)

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

पन्नगम् (pannagam) - a serpent (snake, serpent)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pannaga

pannaga - snake, serpent (literally 'moving on foot/breast')

Compound: panna (fallen) + ga (going), referring to crawling or moving close to the ground.

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (panna+ga)

• panna – fallen, descended, gone, moved
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √pad (to go, to fall) + kta suffix
  Root: pad (class 4)
• ga – going, moving, moving along
  suffix
  From √gam (to go) + ḍa suffix
  Root: gam (class 1)

त्रासयन्तम् (trāsayantam) - frightening (others) with his breaths (frightening, terrifying)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of trāsayant

trāsayant - frightening, causing fear, terrifying

Present Active Participle (Causative)

Derived from causative stem trāsaya- (from √tras (to tremble) + ṇic) + śatṛ suffix

Root: tras (class 1)

महाश्वासैः (mahāśvāsaiḥ) - with his enormous, heavy breaths (with great breaths/sighs)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāśvāsa

mahāśvāsa - great breath, mighty sigh, deep breathing

Compound: mahā (great) + śvāsa (breath/hiss)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+śvāsa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• śvāsa – breath, exhalation, hiss, sigh, panting
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √śvas (to breathe) + ghañ suffix
  Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Describes the means by which he was frightening.

शयानम् (śayānam) - lying (asleep) (lying down, sleeping)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śayāna

śayāna - lying down, sleeping, reposing

Present Middle Participle

Derived from √śī (to lie, to sleep) + śānac (middle participle suffix)

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Describes Kumbhakarna, repeated from previous verse.

भीमदर्शनम् (bhīmadarśanam) - whose sight was dreadful (of terrible appearance, dreadful to see)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmadarśana

bhīmadarśana - of terrible appearance, dreadful to behold, fearsome

Compound: bhīma (terrible) + darśana (appearance/sight)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīma+darśana)

• bhīma – terrible, dreadful, fearful
  adjective
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• darśana – seeing, looking, appearance, sight, view
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from √dṛś (to see) + lyuT suffix
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Describes Kumbhakarna, repeated from previous verse.

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