वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-48, verse-30

नेदुरास्फोटयामासुश्चिक्षिपुस्ते निशाचराः ।
कुम्भकर्णविबोधार्थं चक्रुस्ते विपुलं स्वनम् ॥३०॥

30. nedurāsphoṭayāmāsuścikṣipuste niśācarāḥ ,
kumbhakarṇavibodhārthaṃ cakruste vipulaṃ svanam.

30. neduḥ āsphoṭayāmāsuḥ cikṣipuḥ te niśācarāḥ
kumbhakarṇavibodhārtham cakruḥ te vipulam svanam

30. Those night-wanderers roared, clapped their hands, and threw things. They made a tremendous noise to awaken Kumbhakarna.

Words meanings summery:

• नेदुः (neduḥ) - they roared, they sounded

• आस्फोटयामासुः (āsphoṭayāmāsuḥ) - they clapped, they snapped (fingers), they struck

• चिक्षिपुः (cikṣipuḥ) - they threw, they hurled

• ते (te) - the night-wanderers (rākṣasas) (they)

• निशाचराः (niśācarāḥ) - night-wanderers, rākṣasas

• कुम्भकर्णविबोधार्थम् (kumbhakarṇavibodhārtham) - for the purpose of awakening Kumbhakarna

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they made, they did

• ते (te) - the night-wanderers (rākṣasas) (they)

• विपुलम् (vipulam) - great, vast, loud

• स्वनम् (svanam) - sound, noise, roar

Words meanings and morphology

नेदुः (neduḥ) - they roared, they sounded

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of nad

perfect active third person plural

Perfect form.

Root: nad (class 1)

आस्फोटयामासुः (āsphoṭayāmāsuḥ) - they clapped, they snapped (fingers), they struck

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of ā-sphuṭ

perfect active third person plural (causative)

Causative stem `āsphoṭaya-`, combined with `ām-pratyaya` for perfect.

Prefix: ā

Root: sphuṭ (class 1)

चिक्षिपुः (cikṣipuḥ) - they threw, they hurled

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of kṣip

perfect active third person plural

Perfect stem `cikṣip-`, suffix `uḥ` (3rd plural). Reduplicated form from √kṣip.

Root: kṣip (class 6)

ते (te) - the night-wanderers (rākṣasas) (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (pronoun)

Note: Refers to the `niśācarāḥ` (rākṣasas).

निशाचराः (niśācarāḥ) - night-wanderers, rākṣasas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niśācara

niśācara - night-wanderer, demon, rākṣasa

Compound: `niśā` (night) + `cara` (moving, wandering). Agent noun from √car.

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, wandering, going
  suffix (agent noun) (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from √car (to move, wander)
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verbs.

कुम्भकर्णविबोधार्थम् (kumbhakarṇavibodhārtham) - for the purpose of awakening Kumbhakarna

(indeclinable)

Compound: `Kumbhakarṇa` (proper noun) + `vibodha` (awakening) + `artha` (purpose, for the sake of).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kumbhakarṇa+vibodha+artha)

• kumbhakarṇa – Kumbhakarna (proper noun, name of a giant demon)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Compound: `kumbha` (pot) + `karṇa` (ear) - 'pot-eared'.
• vibodha – awakening, complete knowledge
  noun (masculine)
  From `vi-√budh` (to awaken, know)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: budh (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, sake, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial expression of purpose.

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they made, they did

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of kṛ

perfect active third person plural

Perfect stem `cakṛ-`, suffix `uḥ` (3rd plural). Reduplicated form from √kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ते (te) - the night-wanderers (rākṣasas) (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (pronoun)

Note: Refers to the `niśācarāḥ` (rākṣasas).

विपुलम् (vipulam) - great, vast, loud

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vipula

vipula - extensive, large, great, vast, broad, abundant

Note: Agrees with `svanam`.

स्वनम् (svanam) - sound, noise, roar

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svana

svana - sound, noise, roar, voice

From √svan (to sound, roar).

Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Object of `cakruḥ`.

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