महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-92, verse-8

इदानीं च विजानामि सुकृतं मधुसूदन ।
कृतं राज्ञा महाबाहो याचता स्म सुयोधनम् ।
राज्यार्धं पञ्च वा ग्रामान्नाकार्षीत्स च दुर्मतिः ॥८॥

8. idānīṁ ca vijānāmi sukṛtaṁ madhusūdana ,
kṛtaṁ rājñā mahābāho yācatā sma suyodhanam ,
rājyārdhaṁ pañca vā grāmānnākārṣītsa ca durmatiḥ.

8. idānīm ca vijānāmi sukṛtam madhusūdana
kṛtam rājñā mahābāho yācatā
sma suyodhanam rājyārdham pañca
vā grāmān na akārṣīt saḥ ca durmatiḥ

8. ca idānīm madhusūdana mahābāho ahaṃ
vijānāmi rājñā yacatā sma suyodhanam
rājyārdham vā pañca grāmān (pradānārtham)
sukṛtam kṛtam ca saḥ durmatiḥ na akārṣīt

8. And now, O Madhusudana, O mighty-armed one, I realize the righteous act performed by the king who pleaded with Suyodhana for half the kingdom or even five villages. But that evil-minded one did not grant it.

Words meanings summery:

• इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at present

• च (ca) - and, also

• विजानामि (vijānāmi) - I know, I understand, I realize

• सुकृतम् (sukṛtam) - the righteous act performed by the king (a virtuous act, good deed, well-done)

• मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Krishna (O slayer of Madhu)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed, made

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O Krishna (O mighty-armed one)

• याचता (yācatā) - by him who was begging/pleading

• स्म (sma) - indeed, (particle for past tense)

• सुयोधनम् (suyodhanam) - Suyodhana

• राज्यार्धम् (rājyārdham) - half the kingdom

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• वा (vā) - or

• ग्रामान् (grāmān) - villages

• न (na) - not, no

• अकार्षीत् (akārṣīt) - he did not grant/give (the requested kingdom/villages) (he did, he made (in context: he did not grant/give))

• सः (saḥ) - that (evil-minded) one, referring to Duryodhana (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

• च (ca) - and, also

• दुर्मतिः (durmatiḥ) - that evil-minded one (Duryodhana) (evil-minded, foolish)

Words meanings and morphology

इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at present

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विजानामि (vijānāmi) - I know, I understand, I realize

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of jñā

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

सुकृतम् (sukṛtam) - the righteous act performed by the king (a virtuous act, good deed, well-done)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukṛta

sukṛta - well-done, righteous act, good deed, virtue

Past Passive Participle (used as noun/adjective)

Derived from root kṛ (to do) with upasarga su (good, well)

Compound type : karmadharaya (su+kṛta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Krishna (O slayer of Madhu)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - slayer of the demon Madhu (an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna)

Compound type : tatpurusha (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – Madhu (name of a demon)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sūdana – slayer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root sūd (to destroy, kill)
  Root: sūd (class 10)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed, made

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, accomplished, righteous act

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O Krishna (O mighty-armed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - having mighty arms, mighty-armed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

याचता (yācatā) - by him who was begging/pleading

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yācat

yācat - begging, asking, pleading

Present Active Participle

Derived from root yāc (to beg, ask)

Root: yāc (class 1)

स्म (sma) - indeed, (particle for past tense)

(indeclinable)

सुयोधनम् (suyodhanam) - Suyodhana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suyodhana

suyodhana - Suyodhana (another name for Duryodhana, meaning 'good warrior' or 'one who fights well')

राज्यार्धम् (rājyārdham) - half the kingdom

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājyārdha

rājyārdha - half of the kingdom

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājya+ardha)

• rājya – kingdom, realm, sovereignty
  noun (neuter)
• ardha – half
  noun (neuter)

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

ग्रामान् (grāmān) - villages

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of grāma

grāma - village, rural community

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अकार्षीत् (akārṣīt) - he did not grant/give (the requested kingdom/villages) (he did, he made (in context: he did not grant/give))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सः (saḥ) - that (evil-minded) one, referring to Duryodhana (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he/she/it (demonstrative pronoun)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दुर्मतिः (durmatiḥ) - that evil-minded one (Duryodhana) (evil-minded, foolish)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmati

durmati - evil-minded, foolish, perverse in mind

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dur+mati)

• dur – bad, difficult, evil
  indeclinable
• mati – mind, intelligence, understanding, opinion
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root man (to think)
  Root: man (class 4)