महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-92, verse-31

यथा हि गोवृषो वर्षं संधारयति खात्पतत् ।
भीमस्तथा द्रोणमुक्तं शरवर्षमदीधरत् ॥३१॥

31. yathā hi govṛṣo varṣaṁ saṁdhārayati khātpatat ,
bhīmastathā droṇamuktaṁ śaravarṣamadīdharat.

31. yathā hi govṛṣaḥ varṣam saṃdhārayati khāt patat
bhīmaḥ tathā droṇamuktam śaravarṣam adīdharat

31. hi yathā govṛṣaḥ khāt patat varṣam saṃdhārayati
tathā bhīmaḥ droṇamuktam śaravarṣam adīdharat

31. Just as a bull withstands rain falling from the sky, so too did Bhīma endure the shower of arrows released by Droṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• गोवृषः (govṛṣaḥ) - bull, sturdy bull

• वर्षम् (varṣam) - rain, year, raining

• संधारयति (saṁdhārayati) - holds, sustains, withstands

• खात् (khāt) - from the sky, from space

• पतत् (patat) - falling, dropping

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma (proper name)

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

• द्रोणमुक्तम् (droṇamuktam) - released by Droṇa, discharged by Droṇa

• शरवर्षम् (śaravarṣam) - shower of arrows, rain of arrows

• अदीधरत् (adīdharat) - he held, sustained, endured

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis or explanation.

गोवृषः (govṛṣaḥ) - bull, sturdy bull

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of govṛṣa

govṛṣa - bull, an excellent bull

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+vṛṣa)

• go – cow, ox, cattle, earth
  noun (feminine)
• vṛṣa – bull, chief, best, male
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

वर्षम् (varṣam) - rain, year, raining

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of varṣa

varṣa - rain, shower, year

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

संधारयति (saṁdhārayati) - holds, sustains, withstands

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of saṃ-dhāray

Present Causative

3rd person singular active, present tense, causative stem of root 'dhṛ' with 'sam' prefix.

Prefix: sam

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Causative stem.

खात् (khāt) - from the sky, from space

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kha

kha - sky, space, ether, heaven

पतत् (patat) - falling, dropping

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of patat

patat - falling, dropping (present active participle)

Present Active Participle

From root 'pat' with -at suffix.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'varṣam'.

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (name of the second Pandava brother), terrible, dreadful

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Corresponds to 'yathā'.

द्रोणमुक्तम् (droṇamuktam) - released by Droṇa, discharged by Droṇa

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of droṇamukta

droṇamukta - released by Droṇa

Past Passive Participle

Compound of 'Droṇa' and 'mukta' (past passive participle of 'muc').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+mukta)

• droṇa – Droṇa (name of the teacher)
  proper noun (masculine)
• mukta – released, discharged, freed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'muc'.
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'śaravarṣam'.

शरवर्षम् (śaravarṣam) - shower of arrows, rain of arrows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows, rain of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

अदीधरत् (adīdharat) - he held, sustained, endured

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dhāray

Imperfect Causative

3rd person singular active, imperfect tense, causative stem of root 'dhṛ'.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Causative stem.

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