महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-92, verse-16

ततः शांतनवो भीष्मः कृपश्च रथिनां वरः ।
भगदत्तः सुशर्मा च धनंजयमुपाद्रवन् ॥१६॥

16. tataḥ śāṁtanavo bhīṣmaḥ kṛpaśca rathināṁ varaḥ ,
bhagadattaḥ suśarmā ca dhanaṁjayamupādravan.

16. tataḥ śāntanavaḥ bhīṣmaḥ kṛpaḥ ca rathinām varaḥ
bhagadattaḥ suśarmā ca dhanañjayam upādravan

16. tataḥ śāntanavaḥ bhīṣmaḥ ca rathinām varaḥ kṛpaḥ
ca bhagadattaḥ ca suśarmā dhanañjayam upādravan

16. Then Bhīṣma, the son of Śāntanu, and Kṛpa, the foremost among charioteers, along with Bhagadatta and Suśarmā, all attacked Dhananjaya (Arjuna).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Bhīṣma, son of Śāntanu (son of Śāntanu)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

• कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpa

• च (ca) - and, also

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers, among charioteers

• वरः (varaḥ) - the best (among charioteers) (best, excellent)

• भगदत्तः (bhagadattaḥ) - Bhagadatta

• सुशर्मा (suśarmā) - Suśarmā

• च (ca) - and, also

• धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Arjuna (Dhananjaya)

• उपाद्रवन् (upādravan) - they attacked, they rushed towards

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Bhīṣma, son of Śāntanu (son of Śāntanu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - descendant of Śāntanu, son of Śāntanu

Taddhita derivative from Śāntanu

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a proper name, son of Śāntanu)

कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛpa

kṛpa - Kṛpa (a warrior and teacher, brother of Kṛpī, Droṇa's wife)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers, among charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

वरः (varaḥ) - the best (among charioteers) (best, excellent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, superior; a boon, a choice; a bridegroom

भगदत्तः (bhagadattaḥ) - Bhagadatta

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagadatta

bhagadatta - Bhagadatta (king of Pragjyotiṣa, ally of the Kauravas)

सुशर्मा (suśarmā) - Suśarmā

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suśarman

suśarman - Suśarmā (king of Trigarta, ally of the Kauravas)

Note: Null ending for nominative singular of 'n' stem.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Arjuna (Dhananjaya)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - Dhananjaya (an epithet of Arjuna, meaning 'conqueror of wealth')

Compound: dhana (wealth) + jaya (victory/conquest)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, triumph
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)

उपाद्रवन् (upādravan) - they attacked, they rushed towards

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of upa-dru

Root dru with prefix upa

Prefix: upa

Root: dru (class 1)

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