महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-92, verse-56

समरे पतितैश्चैव शक्त्यृष्टिशरतोमरैः ।
निस्त्रिंशैः पट्टिशैः प्रासैरयस्कुन्तैः परश्वधैः ॥५६॥

56. samare patitaiścaiva śaktyṛṣṭiśaratomaraiḥ ,
nistriṁśaiḥ paṭṭiśaiḥ prāsairayaskuntaiḥ paraśvadhaiḥ.

56. samare patitaiḥ ca eva śaktyṛṣṭiśaratomaraiḥ
nistriṃśaiḥ paṭṭiśaiḥ prāsaiḥ ayaskuntaiḥ paraśvadaiḥ

56. samare ca eva patitaiḥ śaktyṛṣṭiśaratomaraiḥ
nistriṃśaiḥ paṭṭiśaiḥ prāsaiḥ ayaskuntaiḥ paraśvadaiḥ

56. And indeed, on the battlefield, [the earth was covered] by the fallen, as well as by spears, lances, arrows, javelins, swords, daggers, lances, iron spears, and battle-axes.

Words meanings summery:

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• पतितैः (patitaiḥ) - by the fallen warriors/bodies (from previous verses) (by the fallen ones, with the fallen ones)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• शक्त्यृष्टिशरतोमरैः (śaktyṛṣṭiśaratomaraiḥ) - by spears, lances, arrows, and javelins

• निस्त्रिंशैः (nistriṁśaiḥ) - by swords

• पट्टिशैः (paṭṭiśaiḥ) - by daggers, by sharp-edged weapons

• प्रासैः (prāsaiḥ) - by spears, by lances

• अयस्कुन्तैः (ayaskuntaiḥ) - by iron spears

• परश्वदैः (paraśvadaiḥ) - by battle-axes

Words meanings and morphology

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict, combat

Note: Indicates the location of the described scene.

पतितैः (patitaiḥ) - by the fallen warriors/bodies (from previous verses) (by the fallen ones, with the fallen ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of patita

patita - fallen, dropped, prostrate, degraded

Past Passive Participle

root pat + suffix -ta

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Refers to the fallen warriors or bodies, implying they are among the things covering the ground.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'patitaiḥ' with the following list of weapons.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle, intensifying 'ca'.

शक्त्यृष्टिशरतोमरैः (śaktyṛṣṭiśaratomaraiḥ) - by spears, lances, arrows, and javelins

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śaktyṛṣṭiśaratomara

śaktyṛṣṭiśaratomara - spears, lances, arrows, javelins (collectively)

Compound type : dvandva (śakti+ṛṣṭi+śara+tomara)

• śakti – spear, lance, power, ability
  noun (feminine)
• ṛṣṭi – lance, spear, dart
  noun (feminine)
• śara – arrow, reed
  noun (masculine)
• tomara – javelin, iron club, spear
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrumental case, indicating means or accompaniment for the battlefield's state.

निस्त्रिंशैः (nistriṁśaiḥ) - by swords

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nistriṃśa

nistriṁśa - sword, scimitar

Note: Instrumental case, continuing the list of weapons.

पट्टिशैः (paṭṭiśaiḥ) - by daggers, by sharp-edged weapons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of paṭṭiśa

paṭṭiśa - a kind of sharp weapon, dagger, sword

Note: Instrumental case, continuing the list of weapons.

प्रासैः (prāsaiḥ) - by spears, by lances

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prāsa

prāsa - spear, lance, dart, a thrown weapon

from pra-as, to throw forward

Prefix: pra

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Instrumental case, continuing the list of weapons.

अयस्कुन्तैः (ayaskuntaiḥ) - by iron spears

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ayaskunta

ayaskunta - iron spear

Compound type : tatpurusha (ayas+kunta)

• ayas – iron, metal
  noun (neuter)
• kunta – spear, lance, dart
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrumental case, continuing the list of weapons.

परश्वदैः (paraśvadaiḥ) - by battle-axes

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of paraśvadha

paraśvadha - battle-axe, axe, hatchet

Note: Instrumental case, concluding the list of weapons.

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