महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-92, verse-22

व्यूढोरस्कं ततो भीमः पातयामास पार्थिव ।
क्षुरप्रेण सुतीक्ष्णेन सोऽभवद्गतजीवितः ॥२२॥

22. vyūḍhoraskaṁ tato bhīmaḥ pātayāmāsa pārthiva ,
kṣurapreṇa sutīkṣṇena so'bhavadgatajīvitaḥ.

22. vyūḍhoraskam tataḥ bhīmaḥ pātayāmāsa pārthiva
| kṣurapreṇa sutīkṣṇena saḥ abhavat gatajīvitaḥ

22. tataḥ bhīmaḥ sutīkṣṇena kṣurapreṇa vyūḍhoraskam
pārthiva pātayāmāsa saḥ gatajīvitaḥ abhavat

22. Then Bhima struck down that broad-chested king with a very sharp razor-arrow. He became lifeless.

Words meanings summery:

• व्यूढोरस्कम् (vyūḍhoraskam) - with a broad chest, having a broad chest

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima, one of the Pandava brothers (Bhima (a proper noun); fearful, terrible)

• पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - he caused to fall, he struck down, he felled

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - The king or warrior who was struck down. (king, ruler, earthly one)

• क्षुरप्रेण (kṣurapreṇa) - by a razor-arrow, with a sharp arrow

• सुतीक्ष्णेन (sutīkṣṇena) - by a very sharp one, with a very sharp one

• सः (saḥ) - (The king/warrior who was struck down) (he, that)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - he became, it was

• गतजीवितः (gatajīvitaḥ) - lifeless, whose life has departed

Words meanings and morphology

व्यूढोरस्कम् (vyūḍhoraskam) - with a broad chest, having a broad chest

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyūḍhoraska

vyūḍhoraska - having a broad chest

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vyūḍha+uras)

• vyūḍha – broad, extensive; assembled
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root ūh (to choose) with vi-prefix; or from root vah (to carry) with vi-prefix + kta. Here 'broad, expanded'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ūh (class 1)
• uras – chest, breast
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used here as an adjective modifying 'pārthiva'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

ablative suffix -tas added to tad

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima, one of the Pandava brothers (Bhima (a proper noun); fearful, terrible)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhima, terrible, dreadful

पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - he caused to fall, he struck down, he felled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pātayāmāsa

Perfect, Periphrastic Conjugation

Causative of root pat (to fall) + ām (connecting vowel) + ās (auxiliary root) in perfect 3rd person singular

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Periphrastic perfect form, combines the causative stem with the auxiliary verb ās.

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - The king or warrior who was struck down. (king, ruler, earthly one)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, ruler, earthly, relating to the earth

From pṛthivī (earth) + aṇ (suffix)

Note: Though appearing in nominative singular form, context dictates it functions as accusative singular due to poetic license or elision of final -m.

क्षुरप्रेण (kṣurapreṇa) - by a razor-arrow, with a sharp arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣurapra

kṣurapra - razor-headed arrow, a type of arrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣura+pra)

• kṣura – razor, knife
  noun (masculine)
• pra – forth, forward, excel
  indeclinable

सुतीक्ष्णेन (sutīkṣṇena) - by a very sharp one, with a very sharp one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sutīkṣṇa

sutīkṣṇa - very sharp, keen, fierce

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+tīkṣṇa)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• tīkṣṇa – sharp, keen, strong
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'kṣurapreṇa'.

सः (saḥ) - (The king/warrior who was struck down) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अभवत् (abhavat) - he became, it was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect

root bhū + laṅ (imperfect) 3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

गतजीवितः (gatajīvitaḥ) - lifeless, whose life has departed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gatajīvita

gatajīvita - lifeless, deceased

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+jīvita)

• gata – gone, departed
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root gam + kta
  Root: gam (class 1)
• jīvita – life, living
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate adjective to 'saḥ'.

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