महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-213, verse-61

स सात्वत्यामतिरथः संबभूव धनंजयात् ।
मखे निर्मथ्यमानाद्वा शमीगर्भाद्धुताशनः ॥६१॥

61. sa sātvatyāmatirathaḥ saṁbabhūva dhanaṁjayāt ,
makhe nirmathyamānādvā śamīgarbhāddhutāśanaḥ.

61. sa sātvatyām atirathaḥ saṃbabhūva dhanaṃjayāt
| makhe nirmathyamānāt vā śamīgarbhāt hutāśanaḥ

61. saḥ atirathaḥ sātvatyām dhanaṃjayāt saṃbabhūva
vā makhe nirmathyamānāt śamīgarbhāt hutāśanaḥ

61. He, the mighty charioteer, was born from Dhanaṃjaya (Arjuna) through Sātvatī (Subhadrā), just as fire emerges from the core of a śamī tree when it is churned in a Vedic ritual (makha).

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (he, that (masculine))

• सात्वत्याम् (sātvatyām) - in Sātvatī (referring to Subhadrā) (in Sātvatī, among the Sātvatas, in Subhadrā)

• अतिरथः (atirathaḥ) - the mighty charioteer (mighty charioteer, great warrior, one who can fight many charioteers)

• संबभूव (saṁbabhūva) - was born (was born, came into being, originated)

• धनंजयात् (dhanaṁjayāt) - from Dhanaṃjaya (Arjuna) (from Dhanaṃjaya, from Arjuna)

• मखे (makhe) - in a Vedic ritual (makha) (in the Vedic ritual, in the sacrifice)

• निर्मथ्यमानात् (nirmathyamānāt) - from that which is churned (from that which is being churned, from the one being rubbed)

• वा (vā) - just as (or, optionally, like, as)

• शमीगर्भात् (śamīgarbhāt) - from the core of a śamī tree (from the womb/interior of a śamī tree)

• हुताशनः (hutāśanaḥ) - fire (fire, consumer of offerings, Agni)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (he, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

सात्वत्याम् (sātvatyām) - in Sātvatī (referring to Subhadrā) (in Sātvatī, among the Sātvatas, in Subhadrā)

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of sātvatī

sātvatī - a woman of the Sātvata clan; Subhadrā (Krishna's sister and Arjuna's wife)

Feminine derivative of Sātvata

Note: Refers to Subhadrā, mother of Abhimanyu.

अतिरथः (atirathaḥ) - the mighty charioteer (mighty charioteer, great warrior, one who can fight many charioteers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atiratha

atiratha - mighty charioteer, great warrior (one who can fight many charioteers at once)

Compound type : avyayībhāva / karmadhāraya (ati+ratha)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding, mighty
  indeclinable
• ratha – chariot, charioteer (figuratively)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for Abhimanyu.

संबभूव (saṁbabhūva) - was born (was born, came into being, originated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of sam-bhū

Perfect Tense

3rd person singular, parasmaipada, with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

धनंजयात् (dhanaṁjayāt) - from Dhanaṃjaya (Arjuna) (from Dhanaṃjaya, from Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth, Arjuna (name of one of the Pāṇḍavas)

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – conquering, victory, triumph
  noun (masculine)
  from ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

मखे (makhe) - in a Vedic ritual (makha) (in the Vedic ritual, in the sacrifice)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of makha

makha - Vedic ritual, sacrifice, festival, joy

Note: Refers to a specific type of sacred fire ritual.

निर्मथ्यमानात् (nirmathyamānāt) - from that which is churned (from that which is being churned, from the one being rubbed)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of nirmathyamāna

nirmathyamāna - being churned, being rubbed, being produced by friction

Present Passive Participle

from nir + math (to churn)

Prefix: nir

Root: math (class 1)

Note: Modifies `śamīgarbhāt`.

वा (vā) - just as (or, optionally, like, as)

(indeclinable)

शमीगर्भात् (śamīgarbhāt) - from the core of a śamī tree (from the womb/interior of a śamī tree)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of śamīgarbha

śamīgarbha - interior/womb of a śamī tree (Acacia Suma or Mimosa Suma)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (śamī+garbha)

• śamī – Śamī tree (Acacia Suma / Mimosa Suma)
  noun (feminine)
• garbha – womb, interior, core, embryo
  noun (masculine)

हुताशनः (hutāśanaḥ) - fire (fire, consumer of offerings, Agni)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hutāśana

hutāśana - fire (lit. 'eating the offerings'), Agni

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (huta+aśana)

• huta – offered, sacrificed (Past Passive Participle of hu)
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from hu (to offer)
  Root: hu (class 3)
• aśana – eating, food, one who eats
  noun (masculine)
  from aś (to eat)
  Root: aś (class 9)