महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-213, verse-47

गजानां तु प्रभिन्नानां त्रिधा प्रस्रवतां मदम् ।
गिरिकूटनिकाशानां समरेष्वनिवर्तिनाम् ॥४७॥

47. gajānāṁ tu prabhinnānāṁ tridhā prasravatāṁ madam ,
girikūṭanikāśānāṁ samareṣvanivartinām.

47. gajānām tu prabhinnānām tridhā prasravatām
madam girikūṭanikāśānām samareṣu anivartinām

47. The courageous Krishna (implied) gave a thousand excellent elephants (implied from 43492). These elephants were in rut, profusely discharging ichor in three streams, resembled mountain peaks, and were unwavering in battles.

Words meanings summery:

• गजानाम् (gajānām) - of elephants

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover

• प्रभिन्नानाम् (prabhinnānām) - of the rutting, of those in rut (elephants)

• त्रिधा (tridhā) - in three ways, threefold

• प्रस्रवताम् (prasravatām) - of those flowing, of those discharging

• मदम् (madam) - ichor from elephant's temples (ichor, rut, temporal juice)

• गिरिकूटनिकाशानाम् (girikūṭanikāśānām) - of those resembling mountain peaks

• समरेषु (samareṣu) - in battles, in conflicts

• अनिवर्तिनाम् (anivartinām) - of those not turning back, of the unwavering

Words meanings and morphology

गजानाम् (gajānām) - of elephants

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of gaja

gaja - elephant

From root gaj (to rumble).

Root: gaj (class 1)

Note: Main noun for which other adjectives are given.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover

(indeclinable)

प्रभिन्नानाम् (prabhinnānām) - of the rutting, of those in rut (elephants)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of prabhinna

prabhinna - broken, split open, distinct, rutting (elephant)

Past Passive Participle

From pra-bhid (to cleave, to break forth).

Prefix: pra

Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Qualifies gajānām.

त्रिधा (tridhā) - in three ways, threefold

(indeclinable)

From tri (three) + dhā (suffix indicating manner).

प्रस्रवताम् (prasravatām) - of those flowing, of those discharging

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of prasravat

prasravat - flowing, oozing, discharging

Present Active Participle

From pra-sru (to flow forth, to ooze).

Prefix: pra

Root: sru (class 1)

Note: Governs madam (accusative).

मदम् (madam) - ichor from elephant's temples (ichor, rut, temporal juice)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mada

mada - ichor (from elephant's temples), rut, intoxication, passion

From root mad (to be intoxicated, to rejoice).

Root: mad (class 4)

गिरिकूटनिकाशानाम् (girikūṭanikāśānām) - of those resembling mountain peaks

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of girikūṭanikāśa

girikūṭanikāśa - resembling mountain peaks

giri-kūṭa (mountain peak) + nikāśa (resembling).

Compound type : Upamāna Pūrvapada Bahuvrīhi (giri+kūṭa+nikāśa)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
  From root gṛ (to swallow).
  Root: gṛ (class 1)
• kūṭa – peak, summit, horn, heap
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• nikāśa – resembling, like, appearance
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  From ni-kāś (to appear, to shine forth).
  Prefix: ni
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies gajānām.

समरेषु (samareṣu) - in battles, in conflicts

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

sam (together) + rā (to give, to fight).

Root: rā (class 2)

Note: Specifies the context for anivartinām.

अनिवर्तिनाम् (anivartinām) - of those not turning back, of the unwavering

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of anivartin

anivartin - not turning back, firm, unwavering, not retreating

a (negation) + ni-vṛt (to turn back, to return) + in (agent suffix).

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nivartin)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• nivartin – turning back, returning
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  From ni-vṛt + in.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vṛt (class 1)