वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-4, verse-9

दूषयेयुर्दुरात्मानः पथि मूलफलोदकम् ।
राक्षसाः परिरक्षेथास्तेभ्यस्त्वं नित्यमुद्यतः ॥९॥

9. dūṣayeyurdurātmānaḥ pathi mūlaphalodakam ,
rākṣasāḥ parirakṣethāstebhyastvaṃ nityamudyataḥ.

9. dūṣayeyuḥ durātmānaḥ pathi mūlaphalodakam rākṣasāḥ
parirakṣethāḥ tebhyaḥ tvam nityam udyataḥ

9. durātmānaḥ rākṣasāḥ pathi mūlaphalodakam dūṣayeyuḥ
tvam tebhyaḥ nityam udyataḥ parirakṣethāḥ

9. The wicked rākṣasas (rākṣasa) might contaminate the roots, fruits, and water along the path. Therefore, you should always be vigilant and protect against them.

Words meanings summery:

• दूषयेयुः (dūṣayeyuḥ) - might contaminate (they might pollute, they might spoil, they might corrupt)

• दुरात्मानः (durātmānaḥ) - wicked (evil-minded ones, wicked persons)

• पथि (pathi) - along the path (on the path, in the way)

• मूलफलोदकम् (mūlaphalodakam) - roots, fruits, and water

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - rākṣasas (rākṣasa) (rākṣasas, demons)

• परिरक्षेथाः (parirakṣethāḥ) - you should protect (you should protect, you might protect)

• तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - against them (from them, to them)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always (always, constantly, perpetually)

• उद्यतः (udyataḥ) - vigilant (ready, prepared, alert)

Words meanings and morphology

दूषयेयुः (dūṣayeyuḥ) - might contaminate (they might pollute, they might spoil, they might corrupt)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of dūṣ

optative active, causal stem

Causal formation dūṣay- from root dūṣ (to be bad)

Root: dūṣ (class 10)

Note: Subject is durātmānaḥ rākṣasāḥ.

दुरात्मानः (durātmānaḥ) - wicked (evil-minded ones, wicked persons)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of durātman

durātman - evil-minded, wicked, malicious, depraved person

Bahuvrīhi compound: dur (bad) + ātman (self/mind).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dus+ātman)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  prefix
• ātman – self, soul, mind, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

पथि (pathi) - along the path (on the path, in the way)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pathin

pathin - path, way, road, course

in-ending stem.

मूलफलोदकम् (mūlaphalodakam) - roots, fruits, and water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mūlaphalodaka

mūlaphalodaka - roots, fruits, and water (food and drink from nature)

Dvandva compound of mūla (roots), phala (fruits), and udaka (water).

Compound type : dvandva (mūla+phala+udaka)

• mūla – root, origin, foundation
  noun (neuter)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)
• udaka – water
  noun (neuter)
  Root: und (class 7)

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - rākṣasas (rākṣasa) (rākṣasas, demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, evil spirit, rākṣasa

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

परिरक्षेथाः (parirakṣethāḥ) - you should protect (you should protect, you might protect)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of parirakṣ

optative middle

From root rakṣ with prefix pari.

Prefix: pari

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject is tvam.

तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - against them (from them, to them)

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Can be dative or ablative plural. Ablative is correct when indicating protection from something.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

नित्यम् (nityam) - always (always, constantly, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter used adverbially.

उद्यतः (udyataḥ) - vigilant (ready, prepared, alert)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udyata

udyata - raised, prepared, ready, vigilant, alert

past passive participle

From root yam with prefix ud.

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective.