वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-4, verse-41

अनु वाति शुभो वायुः सेनां मृदुहितः सुखः ।
पूर्णवल्गुस्वराश्चेमे प्रवदन्ति मृगद्विजाः ॥४१॥

41. anu vāti śubho vāyuḥ senāṃ mṛduhitaḥ sukhaḥ ,
pūrṇavalgusvarāśceme pravadanti mṛgadvijāḥ.

41. anu vāti śubhaḥ vāyuḥ senām mṛduhitaḥ sukhaḥ
pūrṇavalgusvarāḥ ca ime pravadanti mṛgadvijāḥ

41. mṛduhitaḥ sukhaḥ śubhaḥ vāyuḥ senām anu vāti
ca ime mṛgadvijāḥ pūrṇavalgusvarāḥ pravadanti

41. A gentle, beneficial, and pleasant auspicious wind (vāyu) blows with the army. And these animals and birds are uttering full and melodious sounds.

Words meanings summery:

• अनु (anu) - along (with) (along, after, towards, with)

• वाति (vāti) - blows

• शुभः (śubhaḥ) - auspicious (auspicious, propitious, good)

• वायुः (vāyuḥ) - wind (vāyu) (wind, air)

• सेनाम् (senām) - with the army ((towards) the army, host)

• मृदुहितः (mṛduhitaḥ) - gentle and beneficial (gentle and beneficial, soft and favorable)

• सुखः (sukhaḥ) - pleasant (pleasant, comfortable, happy)

• पूर्णवल्गुस्वराः (pūrṇavalgusvarāḥ) - uttering full and melodious sounds (having full and melodious sounds/voices, uttering full and pleasing sounds)

• च (ca) - and

• इमे (ime) - these

• प्रवदन्ति (pravadanti) - are uttering (they are sounding, they are uttering, they are speaking)

• मृगद्विजाः (mṛgadvijāḥ) - animals and birds

Words meanings and morphology

अनु (anu) - along (with) (along, after, towards, with)

(indeclinable)

Preposition/prefix

Note: Modifies `vāti`.

वाति (vāti) - blows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vā

present active

3rd person singular present active of root `vā`

Root: vā (class 2)

Note: Subject is `vāyuḥ`.

शुभः (śubhaḥ) - auspicious (auspicious, propitious, good)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, propitious, beautiful

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Modifies `vāyuḥ`.

वायुः (vāyuḥ) - wind (vāyu) (wind, air)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air

From root `vā` (to blow)

Root: vā (class 2)

Note: Subject of `vāti`.

सेनाम् (senām) - with the army ((towards) the army, host)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host

मृदुहितः (mṛduhitaḥ) - gentle and beneficial (gentle and beneficial, soft and favorable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛduhita

mṛduhita - gentle and beneficial

Karmadhāraya compound

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mṛdu+hita)

• mṛdu – soft, gentle
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: mṛd (class 9)
• hita – beneficial, favorable, placed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `dhā` (to place) or `hi` (to send); here, 'beneficial'
  Root: dhā/hi (class 3)

Note: Modifies `vāyuḥ`.

सुखः (sukhaḥ) - pleasant (pleasant, comfortable, happy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukha

sukha - pleasant, comfortable, happy

`su` (good) + `kha` (wheel-hole - easy to move)

Note: Modifies `vāyuḥ`.

पूर्णवल्गुस्वराः (pūrṇavalgusvarāḥ) - uttering full and melodious sounds (having full and melodious sounds/voices, uttering full and pleasing sounds)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pūrṇavalgusvara

pūrṇavalgusvara - having full and melodious sounds

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pūrṇa+valgu+svara)

• pūrṇa – full, complete
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `pṝ` (to fill)
  Root: pṝ (class 9)
• valgu – melodious, charming, pleasing
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: valg (class 1)
• svara – sound, voice, tone
  noun (masculine)
  From root `svṛ` (to sound)
  Root: svṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies `mṛgadvijāḥ`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

इमे (ime) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

Pronominal stem

Note: Refers to `mṛgadvijāḥ`.

प्रवदन्ति (pravadanti) - are uttering (they are sounding, they are uttering, they are speaking)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pravad

present active

3rd person plural present active of root `vad` (to speak) with prefix `pra`

Prefix: pra

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Subject is `mṛgadvijāḥ`.

मृगद्विजाः (mṛgadvijāḥ) - animals and birds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛgadvija

mṛgadvija - animals and birds

Dvandva compound

Compound type : dvandva (mṛga+dvija)

• mṛga – animal, deer
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mṛj (class 2)
• dvija – bird, twice-born (Brahmin)
  noun (masculine)
  `dvi` (twice) + `ja` (born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of `pravadanti`.