वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-4, verse-18

राघवस्य वचः श्रुत्वा सुग्रीवो वाहिनीपतिः ।
व्यादिदेश महावीर्यान् वानरान् वानरर्षभः ॥१८॥

18. rāghavasya vacaḥ śrutvā sugrīvo vāhinīpatiḥ ,
vyādideśa mahāvīryān vānarān vānararṣabhaḥ.

18. rāghavasya vacaḥ śrutvā sugrīvaḥ vāhinīpatiḥ
vyādideśa mahāvīryān vānarān vānararṣabhaḥ

18. sugrīvaḥ vāhinīpatiḥ vānararṣabhaḥ rāghavasya
vacaḥ śrutvā mahāvīryān vānarān vyādideśa

18. Having heard the words of Rama, Sugriva, the chief of the army and the foremost among monkeys, commanded the exceedingly powerful monkeys.

Words meanings summery:

• राघवस्य (rāghavasya) - of Rama, belonging to Rama

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva

• वाहिनीपतिः (vāhinīpatiḥ) - chief of the army, commander of the forces

• व्यादिदेश (vyādideśa) - commanded, directed

• महावीर्यान् (mahāvīryān) - highly valorous, exceedingly powerful

• वानरान् (vānarān) - monkeys

• वानरर्षभः (vānararṣabhaḥ) - best of monkeys, chief of monkeys

Words meanings and morphology

राघवस्य (rāghavasya) - of Rama, belonging to Rama

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, a name for Rama

patronymic from Raghu

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Can also be nominative singular, but context implies object of 'hearing'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (name of the monkey king)

From su (good) + grīva (neck), 'one with a beautiful neck'

वाहिनीपतिः (vāhinīpatiḥ) - chief of the army, commander of the forces

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāhinīpati

vāhinīpati - chief of the army, commander of the forces

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāhinī+pati)

• vāhinī – army, host
  noun (feminine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

व्यादिदेश (vyādideśa) - commanded, directed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of diś

Perfect tense

Formed with reduplication and prefixes; 3rd singular active

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: diś (class 6)

महावीर्यान् (mahāvīryān) - highly valorous, exceedingly powerful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahāvīrya

mahāvīrya - having great power/valor, very strong

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vīrya)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• vīrya – valor, strength, heroism
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'vānarān'.

वानरान् (vānarān) - monkeys

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey

Note: Object of 'commanded'.

वानरर्षभः (vānararṣabhaḥ) - best of monkeys, chief of monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānararṣabha

vānararṣabha - chief among monkeys, best of monkeys

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vānara+ṛṣabha)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to Sugriva.