वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-4, verse-37

कपिभ्यामुह्यमानौ तौ शुशुभते नरर्षभौ ।
महद्भ्यामिव संस्पृष्टौ ग्राहाभ्यां चन्द्रभास्करौ ॥३७॥

37. kapibhyāmuhyamānau tau śuśubhate nararṣabhau ,
mahadbhyāmiva saṃspṛṣṭau grāhābhyāṃ candrabhāskarau.

37. kapibhyām uhyamānau tau śuśubhāte nararṣabhau
mahadbhyām iva saṃspṛṣṭau grāhābhyām candrabhāskarau

37. kapibhyām uhyamānau tau nararṣabhau mahadbhyām
grāhābhyām saṃspṛṣṭau candrabhāskarau iva śuśubhāte

37. Those two foremost among men (Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa), being carried by the two monkeys, shone splendidly, just as the moon and the sun appear when seized by the two great planetary entities (Rāhu and Ketu during an eclipse).

Words meanings summery:

• कपिभ्याम् (kapibhyām) - by the two monkeys

• उह्यमानौ (uhyamānau) - being carried, being borne

• तौ (tau) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (those two)

• शुशुभाते (śuśubhāte) - they two shone brightly, they two appeared splendid

• नरर्षभौ (nararṣabhau) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (the two best of men, two foremost men)

• महद्भ्याम् (mahadbhyām) - by the two great planets (Rāhu and Ketu) (by the two great ones)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• संस्पृष्टौ (saṁspṛṣṭau) - touched, grasped, seized

• ग्राहाभ्याम् (grāhābhyām) - by the two great planetary entities (Rāhu and Ketu) which cause eclipses (by the two planets (Rāhu and Ketu), by the two crocodiles/sea monsters)

• चन्द्रभास्करौ (candrabhāskarau) - the moon and the sun

Words meanings and morphology

कपिभ्याम् (kapibhyām) - by the two monkeys

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of kapi

kapi - monkey

उह्यमानौ (uhyamānau) - being carried, being borne

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of uhyamāna

uhyamāna - being carried, being borne

Present Passive Participle

Present passive participle of root vah (to carry, to bear)

Root: vah (class 1)

तौ (tau) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शुशुभाते (śuśubhāte) - they two shone brightly, they two appeared splendid

(verb)

3rd person , dual, middle, perfect (lit) of śubh

Perfect tense, 3rd person dual, middle voice (ātmanepada).

Root: śubh (class 1)

नरर्षभौ (nararṣabhau) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (the two best of men, two foremost men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of nararṣabha

nararṣabha - bull among men, chief of men, foremost man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+ṛṣabha)

• nara – man, male, human
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

महद्भ्याम् (mahadbhyām) - by the two great planets (Rāhu and Ketu) (by the two great ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Refers to the two grāhas, hence masculine dual instrumental.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

संस्पृष्टौ (saṁspṛṣṭau) - touched, grasped, seized

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of saṃspṛṣṭa

saṁspṛṣṭa - touched, grasped, seized, connected with

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root spṛś (to touch) with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: spṛś (class 6)

ग्राहाभ्याम् (grāhābhyām) - by the two great planetary entities (Rāhu and Ketu) which cause eclipses (by the two planets (Rāhu and Ketu), by the two crocodiles/sea monsters)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of grāha

grāha - seizer, grasping, crocodile, planet (especially Rāhu and Ketu associated with eclipses)

Root: grah (class 9)

चन्द्रभास्करौ (candrabhāskarau) - the moon and the sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of candrabhāskara

candrabhāskara - the moon and the sun

Compound type : dvandva (candra+bhāskara)

• candra – moon, luminous, shining
  noun (masculine)
• bhāskara – sun, light-maker
  noun (masculine)