वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-4, verse-13

यातु वानरवाहिन्या वानरः प्लवतां पतिः ।
पालयन्दक्षिणं पार्श्वमृषभो वानरर्षभः ॥१३॥

13. yātu vānaravāhinyā vānaraḥ plavatāṃ patiḥ ,
pālayandakṣiṇaṃ pārśvamṛṣabho vānararṣabhaḥ.

13. yātu vānaravāhinyā vānaraḥ plavatām patiḥ
pālayan dakṣiṇam pārśam ṛṣabhaḥ vānararṣabhaḥ

13. plavatām patiḥ ṛṣabhaḥ vānararṣabhaḥ vānaraḥ
dakṣiṇam pārśam pālayan vānaravāhinyā yātu

13. Let the monkey chief (vānararṣabha), the lord of leapers (plavatāṃ pati), go forth with the monkey army, protecting the right flank.

Words meanings summery:

• यातु (yātu) - let him go, let him proceed

• वानरवाहिन्या (vānaravāhinyā) - with the monkey army, by the monkey host

• वानरः (vānaraḥ) - monkey, ape

• प्लवताम् (plavatām) - of leapers, of monkeys

• पतिः (patiḥ) - lord, master, chief, husband

• पालयन् (pālayan) - protecting, guarding, maintaining

• दक्षिणम् (dakṣiṇam) - right, southern, skillful

• पार्शम् (pārśam) - side, flank, rib

• ऋषभः (ṛṣabhaḥ) - a bull, a chief, an excellent one

• वानरर्षभः (vānararṣabhaḥ) - chief of monkeys, excellent monkey

Words meanings and morphology

यातु (yātu) - let him go, let him proceed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of yā

imperative

3rd person singular imperative active

Root: yā (class 2)

वानरवाहिन्या (vānaravāhinyā) - with the monkey army, by the monkey host

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vānaravāhinī

vānaravāhinī - monkey army, host of monkeys

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vānara+vāhinī)

• vānara – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
  Derivative of vana (forest)
• vāhinī – army, host, river
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Denotes accompaniment.

वानरः (vānaraḥ) - monkey, ape

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

Note: Subject of 'yātu'.

प्लवताम् (plavatām) - of leapers, of monkeys

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of plavat

plavat - leaping, jumping; a leaper, monkey

Present Active Participle

From root plu + śatṛ suffix, used substantively

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Possessive relationship with 'patiḥ'.

पतिः (patiḥ) - lord, master, chief, husband

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, chief, husband

Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Appositive to 'vānaraḥ'.

पालयन् (pālayan) - protecting, guarding, maintaining

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pālayat

pālayat - protecting, guarding, maintaining

Present Active Participle

From root pāl (or pā with l- extension) + śatṛ suffix

Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: Describes 'vānaraḥ' while he goes.

दक्षिणम् (dakṣiṇam) - right, southern, skillful

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dakṣiṇa

dakṣiṇa - right (side), southern, skillful

Root: dakṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'pārśam'.

पार्शम् (pārśam) - side, flank, rib

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pārśa

pārśa - side, flank, rib

Root: pṛś (class 6)

Note: Object of 'pālayan'.

ऋषभः (ṛṣabhaḥ) - a bull, a chief, an excellent one

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣabha

ṛṣabha - a bull, a chief, an excellent one

Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Appositive to 'vānaraḥ'.

वानरर्षभः (vānararṣabhaḥ) - chief of monkeys, excellent monkey

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānararṣabha

vānararṣabha - chief of monkeys, excellent monkey

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vānara+ṛṣabha)

• vānara – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent one
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'vānaraḥ'.