वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-4, verse-31

सुषेणो जाम्बवांश्चैव ऋक्षैर्बहुभिरावृतः ।
सुग्रीवं पुरतः कृत्वा जघनं संररक्षतुः ॥३१॥

31. suṣeṇo jāmbavāṃścaiva ṛkṣairbahubhirāvṛtaḥ ,
sugrīvaṃ purataḥ kṛtvā jaghanaṃ saṃrarakṣatuḥ.

31. suṣeṇaḥ jāmbavān ca eva ṛkṣaiḥ bahubhiḥ āvṛtaḥ
sugrīvam purataḥ kṛtvā jaghanam saṃrarakṣatuḥ

31. suṣeṇaḥ ca jāmbavān bahubhiḥ ṛkṣaiḥ āvṛtaḥ
sugrīvam purataḥ kṛtvā jaghanam saṃrarakṣatuḥ

31. Sushena and Jambavan, surrounded by many bears, placed (King) Sugriva in front and protected the rear (of the army).

Words meanings summery:

• सुषेणः (suṣeṇaḥ) - Sushena, a prominent monkey warrior (Sushena (name of a monkey))

• जाम्बवान् (jāmbavān) - Jambavan, the king of the bears (Jambavan (name of a bear))

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• ऋक्षैः (ṛkṣaiḥ) - by the bear warriors (by bears)

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by numerous (bears) (by many)

• आवृतः (āvṛtaḥ) - surrounded (by the bears) (surrounded, covered)

• सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugriva, the king of the monkey army (Sugriva (name of a monkey king))

• पुरतः (purataḥ) - in the vanguard, at the forefront (in front, before)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having positioned (Sugrīva) in front (having done, having made, having placed)

• जघनम् (jaghanam) - the rear flank or rear guard of the army (rear, back, hips)

• संररक्षतुः (saṁrarakṣatuḥ) - Sushena and Jambavan together protected (they two protected)

Words meanings and morphology

सुषेणः (suṣeṇaḥ) - Sushena, a prominent monkey warrior (Sushena (name of a monkey))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suṣeṇa

suṣeṇa - having a good army; a good arrow; name of a general of the monkeys, son of Yama

जाम्बवान् (jāmbavān) - Jambavan, the king of the bears (Jambavan (name of a bear))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāmbavat

jāmbavat - Jambavan (name of the king of the bears, an ally of Rāma)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

ऋक्षैः (ṛkṣaiḥ) - by the bear warriors (by bears)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ṛkṣa

ṛkṣa - a bear; a star; a kind of demon

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by numerous (bears) (by many)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous, abundant

आवृतः (āvṛtaḥ) - surrounded (by the bears) (surrounded, covered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āvṛta

āvṛta - surrounded, covered, enveloped, hindered, obstructed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛ (to cover) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugriva, the king of the monkey army (Sugriva (name of a monkey king))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - having a beautiful neck; name of the king of the monkeys, son of the Sun

पुरतः (purataḥ) - in the vanguard, at the forefront (in front, before)

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from pura

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having positioned (Sugrīva) in front (having done, having made, having placed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root kṛ with suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

जघनम् (jaghanam) - the rear flank or rear guard of the army (rear, back, hips)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jaghana

jaghana - buttocks, hips, rear, hinder part

संररक्षतुः (saṁrarakṣatuḥ) - Sushena and Jambavan together protected (they two protected)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (lit) of rakṣ

Perfect Tense

Reduplicated perfect, 3rd dual from root rakṣ with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: rakṣ (class 1)