मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-15, verse-68
राजोवाच ।
नरके मानवा धर्म पीड्यन्तेऽत्र सहस्रशः ।
त्राहीति चार्ताः क्रन्दन्ति मामतो न व्रजाम्यहम् ॥६८॥
नरके मानवा धर्म पीड्यन्तेऽत्र सहस्रशः ।
त्राहीति चार्ताः क्रन्दन्ति मामतो न व्रजाम्यहम् ॥६८॥
68. rājovāca .
narake mānavā dharma pīḍyante'tra sahasraśaḥ .
trāhīti cārtāḥ krandanti māmato na vrajāmyaham.
narake mānavā dharma pīḍyante'tra sahasraśaḥ .
trāhīti cārtāḥ krandanti māmato na vrajāmyaham.
68.
rāja uvāca | narake mānavāḥ dharmam pīḍyante atra sahasraśaḥ
| trāhi iti ca ārtāḥ krandanti mām ataḥ na vrajāmi aham
| trāhi iti ca ārtāḥ krandanti mām ataḥ na vrajāmi aham
68.
The King said: "Here in hell, thousands of humans are being tormented, suffering due to their actions that went against their natural law (dharma). The distressed cry out, 'Protect us!' And so, I will not go from here."
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- राज (rāja) - king, ruler
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke, related
- नरके (narake) - in hell, in a hellish region
- मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - humans, people, descendants of Manu
- धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) which defines proper conduct and order (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue)
- पीड्यन्ते (pīḍyante) - they are tormented, they are afflicted, they are oppressed
- अत्र (atra) - here, in this place
- सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands, thousandfold
- त्राहि (trāhi) - protect!, save!
- इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotative particle)
- च (ca) - and, also, moreover
- आर्ताः (ārtāḥ) - distressed, afflicted, suffering, pained
- क्रन्दन्ति (krandanti) - they cry out, they wail, they lament
- माम् (mām) - me, to me
- अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, hence, from this
- न (na) - not, no
- व्रजामि (vrajāmi) - I go, I proceed
- अहम् (aham) - I
Words meanings and morphology
राज (rāja) - king, ruler
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler, sovereign
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke, related
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac
Root: vac (class 2)
नरके (narake) - in hell, in a hellish region
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of naraka
naraka - hell, a hellish region, the underworld
मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - humans, people, descendants of Manu
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of mānava
mānava - human, man, descendant of Manu
धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) which defines proper conduct and order (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
पीड्यन्ते (pīḍyante) - they are tormented, they are afflicted, they are oppressed
(verb)
3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of pīḍ
Root: pīḍ (class 10)
अत्र (atra) - here, in this place
(indeclinable)
सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands, thousandfold
(indeclinable)
From sahasra + śas suffix
त्राहि (trāhi) - protect!, save!
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of trā
Root: trā (class 2)
इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotative particle)
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and, also, moreover
(indeclinable)
आर्ताः (ārtāḥ) - distressed, afflicted, suffering, pained
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of ārta
ārta - distressed, afflicted, suffering, sick, painful
Past Passive Participle (often used as adjective/noun)
From root 'ṛ' (to go) with prefix 'ā' and past passive participle suffix 'ta'
Prefix: ā
Root: ṛ (class 1)
क्रन्दन्ति (krandanti) - they cry out, they wail, they lament
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of krand
Root: krand (class 1)
माम् (mām) - me, to me
(pronoun)
Accusative, singular of aham
aham - I
अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, hence, from this
(indeclinable)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
व्रजामि (vrajāmi) - I go, I proceed
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vraj
Root: vraj (class 1)
अहम् (aham) - I
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of aham
aham - I