मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-15, verse-52
यमपुरुष उवाच ।
पितृदेवातिथिप्रैष्य-शिष्टेनान्नेन ते तनुः ।
पुष्टिमभ्यागता यस्मात् तद्गतं च मनो यतः ॥५२॥
पितृदेवातिथिप्रैष्य-शिष्टेनान्नेन ते तनुः ।
पुष्टिमभ्यागता यस्मात् तद्गतं च मनो यतः ॥५२॥
52. yamapuruṣa uvāca .
pitṛdevātithipraiṣya-śiṣṭenānnena te tanuḥ .
puṣṭimabhyāgatā yasmāt tadgataṃ ca mano yataḥ.
pitṛdevātithipraiṣya-śiṣṭenānnena te tanuḥ .
puṣṭimabhyāgatā yasmāt tadgataṃ ca mano yataḥ.
52.
yamapuruṣaḥ uvāca pitṛdevātithipraiṣyaśiṣṭena annena te
tanuḥ puṣṭim abhyāgatā yasmāt tat-gatam ca manaḥ yataḥ
tanuḥ puṣṭim abhyāgatā yasmāt tat-gatam ca manaḥ yataḥ
52.
The emissary of Yama said: "Because your body attained nourishment from the food that remained after you had served ancestors, deities, guests, and servants, and because your mind (manas) was focused on that [act of service]...
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यमपुरुषः (yamapuruṣaḥ) - the emissary of Yama; Yama's man
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- पितृदेवातिथिप्रैष्यशिष्टेन (pitṛdevātithipraiṣyaśiṣṭena) - by what remained after (feeding) ancestors, deities, guests, and servants
- अन्नेन (annena) - by food, by grain
- ते (te) - your, to you
- तनुः (tanuḥ) - body, form
- पुष्टिम् (puṣṭim) - nourishment, growth, prosperity
- अभ्यागता (abhyāgatā) - attained, arrived at, approached
- यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from which, because of which, since
- तत्-गतम् (tat-gatam) - directed towards the aforementioned act of service (to ancestors, etc.) (gone to that, directed towards that)
- च (ca) - and, also
- मनः (manaḥ) - mind, heart, intellect
- यतः (yataḥ) - from where, from which, because
Words meanings and morphology
यमपुरुषः (yamapuruṣaḥ) - the emissary of Yama; Yama's man
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yamapuruṣa
yamapuruṣa - Yama's attendant, an emissary of Yama (the deity of death)
Compound type : tatpurusha (yama+puruṣa)
- yama – Yama (the deity of death); restraint, self-control
proper noun (masculine)
Root: yam (class 1) - puruṣa – a man, male; a human being; the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)
noun (masculine)
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac
Irregular perfect active form from root √vac.
Root: vac (class 2)
पितृदेवातिथिप्रैष्यशिष्टेन (pitṛdevātithipraiṣyaśiṣṭena) - by what remained after (feeding) ancestors, deities, guests, and servants
(adjective)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of pitṛdevātithipraiṣyaśiṣṭa
pitṛdevātithipraiṣyaśiṣṭa - remaining after (feeding) ancestors, deities, guests, and servants
Compound of pitṛ, deva, atithi, praiṣya, and śiṣṭa.
Compound type : tatpurusha (pitṛ+deva+atithi+praiṣya+śiṣṭa)
- pitṛ – father; ancestor
noun (masculine) - deva – god, deity; divine
noun (masculine) - atithi – guest, stranger
noun (masculine) - praiṣya – servant, messenger, attendant
noun (masculine)
Gerundive
From pra-√iṣ (to send) + -ya suffix, meaning 'to be sent' or 'one who is to be sent/employed'.
Prefix: pra
Root: iṣ (class 4) - śiṣṭa – remaining, left over; well-behaved, educated
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From √śiṣ (to leave, to remain).
Root: śiṣ (class 7)
Note: Agrees with `annena`.
अन्नेन (annena) - by food, by grain
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of anna
anna - food, cooked rice, grain
Past Passive Participle
From root √ad (to eat), originally 'that which is eaten'.
Root: ad (class 2)
ते (te) - your, to you
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of tvad
tvad - you
Note: Expresses possession ('your body').
तनुः (tanuḥ) - body, form
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of tanu
tanu - body, person, form, skin
पुष्टिम् (puṣṭim) - nourishment, growth, prosperity
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of puṣṭi
puṣṭi - nourishment, growth, prosperity, thriving
From √puṣ (to nourish, thrive).
Root: puṣ (class 4)
Note: Object of `abhyāgatā`.
अभ्यागता (abhyāgatā) - attained, arrived at, approached
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of abhyāgata
abhyāgata - approached, arrived, obtained, attained
Past Passive Participle
From prefix abhi-ā- + root √gam (to go).
Prefixes: abhi+ā
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Agrees with `tanuḥ`.
यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from which, because of which, since
(pronoun)
Ablative, singular of yad
yad - which, what
Ablative singular of `yad`.
तत्-गतम् (tat-gatam) - directed towards the aforementioned act of service (to ancestors, etc.) (gone to that, directed towards that)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tat-gata
tat-gata - gone to that, contained in that, directed towards that
Compound of `tad` (that) and `gata` (gone).
Compound type : tatpurusha (tad+gata)
- tad – that, it
pronoun (neuter) - gata – gone, arrived, passed; obtained
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root √gam (to go).
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Agrees with `manaḥ`.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
मनः (manaḥ) - mind, heart, intellect
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of manas
manas - mind, intellect, heart, disposition (manas)
From root √man (to think).
Root: man (class 4)
यतः (yataḥ) - from where, from which, because
(indeclinable)
Ablative singular of `yad` or a primary suffix. Here, used as an indeclinable 'because'.
Note: Used here to mean 'because'.