मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-15, verse-34
कृमिः कीटः पतङ्गोऽथ पक्षी तोय चरो मृगः ।
गोत्वं प्राप्य च चण्डाल-पुक्कसादि जुगुप्सितम् ॥३४॥
गोत्वं प्राप्य च चण्डाल-पुक्कसादि जुगुप्सितम् ॥३४॥
34. kṛmiḥ kīṭaḥ pataṅgo'tha pakṣī toya caro mṛgaḥ .
gotvaṃ prāpya ca caṇḍāla-pukkasādi jugupsitam.
gotvaṃ prāpya ca caṇḍāla-pukkasādi jugupsitam.
34.
kṛmiḥ kīṭaḥ pataṅgaḥ atha pakṣī toyacaraḥ mṛgaḥ
gotvam prāpya ca caṇḍālapukkasādi jugupsitam
gotvam prāpya ca caṇḍālapukkasādi jugupsitam
34.
He becomes a worm, an insect, a moth, a bird, an aquatic animal, a deer, and also attains the state of being a cow; then he is born into despicable families such as Caṇḍālas and Pulkasas.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कृमिः (kṛmiḥ) - worm, insect
- कीटः (kīṭaḥ) - insect, worm
- पतङ्गः (pataṅgaḥ) - moth or flying insect (flying insect (moth, grasshopper), bird, sun)
- अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, moreover
- पक्षी (pakṣī) - bird
- तोयचरः (toyacaraḥ) - aquatic animal, water-dweller
- मृगः (mṛgaḥ) - animal, deer, beast
- गोत्वम् (gotvam) - the state of being a cow; cow-ness
- प्राप्य (prāpya) - having attained, having reached
- च (ca) - and, also
- चण्डालपुक्कसादि (caṇḍālapukkasādi) - beginning with Caṇḍālas and Pulkasas; pertaining to outcastes like Caṇḍālas and Pulkasas
- जुगुप्सितम् (jugupsitam) - detestable, despicable, abhorred
Words meanings and morphology
कृमिः (kṛmiḥ) - worm, insect
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛmi
kṛmi - worm, insect, vermin
कीटः (kīṭaḥ) - insect, worm
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kīṭa
kīṭa - insect, worm, grub
पतङ्गः (pataṅgaḥ) - moth or flying insect (flying insect (moth, grasshopper), bird, sun)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pataṅga
pataṅga - flying insect (e.g. moth, grasshopper), bird, sun
अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, moreover
(indeclinable)
पक्षी (pakṣī) - bird
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pakṣin
pakṣin - bird, winged creature
तोयचरः (toyacaraḥ) - aquatic animal, water-dweller
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of toyacara
toyacara - water-moving, aquatic animal
Compound of `toya` (water) and `cara` (moving/going)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (toya+cara)
- toya – water
noun (neuter) - cara – moving, going, a mover/walker
noun (masculine)
Agent noun
From root `car` + `a` suffix
Root: car (class 1)
मृगः (mṛgaḥ) - animal, deer, beast
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛga
mṛga - animal, beast, deer
गोत्वम् (gotvam) - the state of being a cow; cow-ness
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of gotva
gotva - cow-ness, the state of being a cow
From `go` (cow) + `tva` (abstract noun suffix)
प्राप्य (prāpya) - having attained, having reached
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From root `āp` with prefix `pra-` + `lyap` suffix
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
चण्डालपुक्कसादि (caṇḍālapukkasādi) - beginning with Caṇḍālas and Pulkasas; pertaining to outcastes like Caṇḍālas and Pulkasas
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of caṇḍālapukkasādi
caṇḍālapukkasādi - beginning with Caṇḍālas and Pulkasas
Dvandva-like compound of `caṇḍāla` and `pulkasa` with `ādi` suffix indicating 'and so on' or 'beginning with'.
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (caṇḍāla+pulkasa+ādi)
- caṇḍāla – an outcaste, untouchable
noun (masculine) - pulkasa – a degraded mixed caste, outcaste (son of a Śūdra by a Kṣatriyā)
noun (masculine) - ādi – beginning, and others
noun (masculine)
Note: Agreeing with `jugupsitam` and modifying an implied neuter noun like `janma` (birth) or `sthānam` (state).
जुगुप्सितम् (jugupsitam) - detestable, despicable, abhorred
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of jugupsita
jugupsita - detested, abhorred, despicable
Past Passive Participle
From root `gup` (to guard, conceal, despise) with intensifier prefix `ju-` and `kta` suffix.
Root: gup (class 1)
Note: Modifies an implied neuter noun like `janma` (birth) or `sthānam` (state).