मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-15, verse-3
गर्दभो जायते जन्तुः पित्रोश्चाप्यवमानकः ।
मातापितरावाक्रुश्य शारिका सम्प्रजायते ॥३॥
मातापितरावाक्रुश्य शारिका सम्प्रजायते ॥३॥
3. gardabho jāyate jantuḥ pitroścāpyavamānakaḥ .
mātāpitarāvākruśya śārikā samprajāyate.
mātāpitarāvākruśya śārikā samprajāyate.
3.
gardabhaḥ jāyate jantuḥ pitroḥ ca api avamānakaḥ
mātā-pitarau ākruśya śārikā sam-prajāyate
mātā-pitarau ākruśya śārikā sam-prajāyate
3.
A creature (jantu) who insults its parents (pitṛ) is born as a donkey. Having reviled its mother and father (mātā-pitṛ), one is born as a myna bird (śārikā).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- गर्दभः (gardabhaḥ) - a donkey, an ass
- जायते (jāyate) - is born, comes into being
- जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - a creature, a living being, an animal
- पित्रोः (pitroḥ) - of the parents (father and mother)
- च (ca) - and
- अपि (api) - also, even
- अवमानकः (avamānakaḥ) - one who insults, a despiser, a disrespectful person
- माता-पितरौ (mātā-pitarau) - mother and father, parents
- आक्रुश्य (ākruśya) - having reviled, having abused, having cursed
- शारिका (śārikā) - a myna bird, a jay
- सम्-प्रजायते (sam-prajāyate) - is born, comes into being
Words meanings and morphology
गर्दभः (gardabhaḥ) - a donkey, an ass
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of gardabha
gardabha - donkey, ass
Root: gardabh
Note: Predicate nominative for 'jāyate'.
जायते (jāyate) - is born, comes into being
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan
Present tense, third person singular, middle voice.
Root: jan (class 4)
जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - a creature, a living being, an animal
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jantu
jantu - living being, creature, animal, man
From root 'jan' (to be born).
Root: jan (class 4)
पित्रोः (pitroḥ) - of the parents (father and mother)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, dual of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, parent
Root form refers to father, but dual often includes mother.
Note: Connects to 'avamānakaḥ'.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - also, even
(indeclinable)
अवमानकः (avamānakaḥ) - one who insults, a despiser, a disrespectful person
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of avamānaka
avamānaka - one who insults, despiser, disrespectful person
agent noun
Derived from root 'man' (to think) with upasargas 'ava' (down, away) and suffix '-aka'.
Prefix: ava
Root: man (class 4)
Note: Describes the 'jantu'.
माता-पितरौ (mātā-pitarau) - mother and father, parents
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, dual of mātā-pitṛ
mātā-pitṛ - mother and father, parents
Dvandva compound of 'mātṛ' (mother) and 'pitṛ' (father).
Compound type : dvandva (mātṛ+pitṛ)
- mātṛ – mother
noun (feminine) - pitṛ – father
noun (masculine)
Note: Object of 'ākruśya'.
आक्रुश्य (ākruśya) - having reviled, having abused, having cursed
(indeclinable)
Absolutive/Gerund
Absolutive form of root 'kruś' (to cry, shout) with upasarga 'ā' (towards, intensely).
Prefix: ā
Root: kruś (class 1)
शारिका (śārikā) - a myna bird, a jay
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of śārikā
śārikā - a myna bird, a jay, a talking bird
Root: śār
Note: Predicate nominative for 'sam-prajāyate'.
सम्-प्रजायते (sam-prajāyate) - is born, comes into being
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sam-pra-jan
Present tense, third person singular, middle voice of root 'jan' (to be born) with upasargas 'sam' and 'pra'.
Prefixes: sam+pra
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Subject is implied (the person who reviles parents).