मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-15, verse-66
यमपुरुष उवाच ।
एष धर्मश्च शक्रश्च त्वां नेतुं समुपागतौ ।
अवश्यमस्माद् गन्तव्यं तस्मात् पार्थिव गम्यताम् ॥६६॥
एष धर्मश्च शक्रश्च त्वां नेतुं समुपागतौ ।
अवश्यमस्माद् गन्तव्यं तस्मात् पार्थिव गम्यताम् ॥६६॥
66. yamapuruṣa uvāca .
eṣa dharmaśca śakraśca tvāṃ netuṃ samupāgatau .
avaśyamasmād gantavyaṃ tasmāt pārthiva gamyatām.
eṣa dharmaśca śakraśca tvāṃ netuṃ samupāgatau .
avaśyamasmād gantavyaṃ tasmāt pārthiva gamyatām.
66.
yamapuruṣaḥ uvāca eṣaḥ dharmaḥ ca śakraḥ ca tvām netum
samupāgatau avaśyam asmāt gantavyam tasmāt pārthiva gamyatām
samupāgatau avaśyam asmāt gantavyam tasmāt pārthiva gamyatām
66.
Yama's messenger said: 'Here are Dharma (natural law) and Śakra, who have both come to take you. You must certainly go from here. Therefore, O King, you should depart!'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यमपुरुषः (yamapuruṣaḥ) - messenger of Yama, servant of Yama
- उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke
- एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, here is
- धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the deity Dharma, personification of natural law (natural law, righteousness, duty (dharma))
- च (ca) - and
- शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Śakra (a name of Indra), king of gods
- च (ca) - and
- त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)
- नेतुम् (netum) - to lead, to take
- समुपागतौ (samupāgatau) - have approached, have arrived (dual)
- अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly, necessarily, undoubtedly
- अस्मात् (asmāt) - from here, from this
- गन्तव्यम् (gantavyam) - must be gone, one must go
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that reason
- पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O King, O ruler of earth
- गम्यताम् (gamyatām) - let it be gone, go! (passive imperative)
Words meanings and morphology
यमपुरुषः (yamapuruṣaḥ) - messenger of Yama, servant of Yama
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yamapuruṣa
yamapuruṣa - messenger of Yama, servant of Yama (the god of death)
Compound noun.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yama+puruṣa)
- yama – Yama (god of death and justice), restraint, control
proper noun (masculine)
Root: yam (class 1) - puruṣa – man, person, human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa)
noun (masculine)
Note: Nominative singular masculine, subject of 'uvāca'.
उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac
Perfect Active
Perfect tense, parasmaipada.
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Third person singular perfect active.
एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, here is
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of etad
etad - this, these (demonstrative pronoun)
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Nominative singular masculine, referring to Dharma and Śakra (implicitly dual here, but the pronoun is singular for the first mentioned).
धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the deity Dharma, personification of natural law (natural law, righteousness, duty (dharma))
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, religious merit (dharma)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Nominative singular masculine, one of the two subjects of 'samupāgatau'.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Śakra (a name of Indra), king of gods
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śakra
śakra - Śakra (a name of Indra), powerful, mighty
Root: śak (class 5)
Note: Nominative singular masculine, the other subject of 'samupāgatau'.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)
(pronoun)
Accusative, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (singular, second person pronoun)
Second person pronoun.
Note: Accusative singular second person pronoun, object of 'netum'.
नेतुम् (netum) - to lead, to take
(verb)
active, infinitive (tumun) of nī
Infinitive
Infinitive form of the root 'nī'.
Root: nī (class 1)
Note: Infinitive expressing purpose.
समुपागतौ (samupāgatau) - have approached, have arrived (dual)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, dual of samupāgata
samupāgata - arrived, approached, come together, met
Past Passive Participle
From root 'gam' with prefixes 'sam', 'upa', and 'ā'.
Prefixes: sam+upa+ā
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Nominative dual masculine, referring to Dharma and Śakra.
अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly, necessarily, undoubtedly
(indeclinable)
Adverbial form.
Note: Indeclinable adverb.
अस्मात् (asmāt) - from here, from this
(pronoun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this, these (demonstrative pronoun)
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Ablative singular neuter, referring to 'this place'.
गन्तव्यम् (gantavyam) - must be gone, one must go
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of gantavya
gantavya - to be gone, fit to be gone, one must go (gerundive)
Gerundive (Future Passive Participle)
Derived from root 'gam' (to go).
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Nominative singular neuter, used impersonally.
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that reason
(indeclinable)
Demonstrative pronoun; ablative singular neuter used adverbially.
Note: Used adverbially to mean 'therefore'.
पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O King, O ruler of earth
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva
pārthiva - pertaining to the earth, earthy, king, prince, ruler
Derived from 'pṛthivī' (earth).
Note: Vocative singular masculine, addressing the king.
गम्यताम् (gamyatām) - let it be gone, go! (passive imperative)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of gam
Imperative Passive
Third person singular imperative passive.
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Third person singular imperative passive.