महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-34, verse-70

एतद्ध्यपि तपो राजन्पुराणमिति नः श्रुतम् ।
विधिना पालनं भूमेर्यत्कृतं नः पितामहैः ॥७०॥

70. etaddhyapi tapo rājanpurāṇamiti naḥ śrutam ,
vidhinā pālanaṁ bhūmeryatkṛtaṁ naḥ pitāmahaiḥ.

70. etat hi api tapaḥ rājan purāṇam iti naḥ śrutam
vidhinā pālanam bhūmeḥ yat kṛtam naḥ pitāmahaiḥ

70. O King, this protection of the earth according to proper procedure, which was carried out by our grandfathers, is indeed an ancient austerity (tapas), as we have heard.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this (referring to protecting the earth) (this)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, too)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, heat)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (O king, ruler)

• पुराणम् (purāṇam) - ancient (ancient, old, traditional)

• इति (iti) - (indicating a statement) (thus, so, indicating a quotation or conclusion)

• नः (naḥ) - by us (to us, by us, our)

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard (heard, revealed, sacred text)

• विधिना (vidhinā) - according to proper procedure (by rule, by law, by method, by procedure)

• पालनम् (pālanam) - protection (protection, guarding, nourishing)

• भूमेः (bhūmeḥ) - of the earth (of the earth, of the ground)

• यत् (yat) - which (which, what)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - carried out, done (done, made, performed)

• नः (naḥ) - our (by us, our)

• पितामहैः (pitāmahaiḥ) - by (our) grandfathers (by grandfathers)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this (referring to protecting the earth) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the pālanam.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating emphasis or reason

अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, heat)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, austerity, penance, spiritual fervor

From root tap (to heat, suffer)

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: This is predicative nominative.

राजन् (rājan) - O King (O king, ruler)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

पुराणम् (purāṇam) - ancient (ancient, old, traditional)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of purāṇa

purāṇa - ancient, old, traditional

From purā (formerly)

Note: Agrees with tapaḥ.

इति (iti) - (indicating a statement) (thus, so, indicating a quotation or conclusion)

(indeclinable)

Particle for quotation, conclusion, or emphasis

नः (naḥ) - by us (to us, by us, our)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Enclitic form of asmad

Note: In connection with śrutam (heard), naḥ often takes instrumental sense ('by us').

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard (heard, revealed, sacred text)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, known

Past Passive Participle

From root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Agrees with tapaḥ and purāṇam.

विधिना (vidhinā) - according to proper procedure (by rule, by law, by method, by procedure)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, ordinance, method, procedure, fate

From root dhā (to place, make) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

पालनम् (pālanam) - protection (protection, guarding, nourishing)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pālana

pālana - protecting, guarding, nourishing

Noun of action from root pālay (causative of pā)

Root: pā (class 10)

Note: This is the subject of the clause 'yat kṛtam'.

भूमेः (bhūmeḥ) - of the earth (of the earth, of the ground)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

Note: Qualifies pālanam.

यत् (yat) - which (which, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Relative pronoun

Note: Refers to pālanam.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - carried out, done (done, made, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to pālanam.

नः (naḥ) - our (by us, our)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Enclitic form of asmad

Note: Qualifies pitāmahaiḥ as 'our grandfathers'.

पितामहैः (pitāmahaiḥ) - by (our) grandfathers (by grandfathers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather

Compound: pitā (father) + maha (great)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+maha)

• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)
• maha – great, large
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agent of kṛtam.