महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-34, verse-36

तस्य नाशं विनाशं वा जरया मरणेन वा ।
अनर्थमिति मन्यन्ते सोऽयमस्मासु वर्तते ॥३६॥

36. tasya nāśaṁ vināśaṁ vā jarayā maraṇena vā ,
anarthamiti manyante so'yamasmāsu vartate.

36. tasya nāśam vināśam vā jarayā maraṇena vā
anartham iti manyante saḥ ayam asmāsu vartate

36. People consider its destruction or ruin, whether by old age or by death, to be a misfortune. This very misfortune exists among us.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - its, of it

• नाशम् (nāśam) - destruction, loss

• विनाशम् (vināśam) - ruin, complete destruction

• वा (vā) - or

• जरया (jarayā) - by old age

• मरणेन (maraṇena) - by death

• वा (vā) - or

• अनर्थम् (anartham) - misfortune, calamity, uselessness

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotative particle)

• मन्यन्ते (manyante) - they think, they consider

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• अस्मासु (asmāsu) - among us

• वर्तते (vartate) - exists, turns, abides

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - its, of it

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'arthaḥ' (purpose/wealth/possessions) from the previous verse.

नाशम् (nāśam) - destruction, loss

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nāśa

nāśa - destruction, loss, ruin, disappearance

Root: naś (class 4)

विनाशम् (vināśam) - ruin, complete destruction

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vināśa

vināśa - complete destruction, ruin, annihilation

from root naś (to perish) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

जरया (jarayā) - by old age

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decay, decrepitude

मरणेन (maraṇena) - by death

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of maraṇa

maraṇa - death, dying

from root mṛ (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अनर्थम् (anartham) - misfortune, calamity, uselessness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anartha

anartha - misfortune, calamity, uselessness, nonsense, evil

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+artha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotative particle)

(indeclinable)

मन्यन्ते (manyante) - they think, they consider

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of man

Root: man (class 4)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

अस्मासु (asmāsu) - among us

(pronoun)

Locative, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

वर्तते (vartate) - exists, turns, abides

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Root: vṛt (class 1)