महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-34, verse-47

धर्ममूलं जगद्राजन्नान्यद्धर्माद्विशिष्यते ।
धर्मश्चार्थेन महता शक्यो राजन्निषेवितुम् ॥४७॥

47. dharmamūlaṁ jagadrājannānyaddharmādviśiṣyate ,
dharmaścārthena mahatā śakyo rājanniṣevitum.

47. dharmamūlam jagat rājan na anyat dharmāt viśiṣyate
dharmaḥ ca arthena mahatā śakyaḥ rājan niṣevitum

47. O King, the world (jagat) has its root in natural law (dharma); nothing else excels natural law (dharma). And, O King, natural law (dharma) can be practiced with great wealth (artha).

Words meanings summery:

• धर्ममूलम् (dharmamūlam) - whose root is natural law (dharma) (having dharma as its root, based on dharma)

• जगत् (jagat) - the world, the universe (the world, universe, moving)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (O King, King)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अन्यत् (anyat) - anything else (other, different, another)

• धर्मात् (dharmāt) - than natural law (dharma) (than dharma, from dharma)

• विशिष्यते (viśiṣyate) - excels, is superior (excels, is distinguished, is superior, is excellent)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (intrinsic nature, constitution, natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, religion)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अर्थेन (arthena) - by means of wealth (artha) (by wealth, by means, by purpose)

• महता (mahatā) - by great (wealth) (by great, by much)

• शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible (to be practiced) (possible, able, capable, practicable)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (O King, King)

• निषेवितुम् (niṣevitum) - to practice (dharma) (to practice, to perform, to attend to, to worship)

Words meanings and morphology

धर्ममूलम् (dharmamūlam) - whose root is natural law (dharma) (having dharma as its root, based on dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dharmamūla

dharmamūla - having righteousness as its root, founded on natural law

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+mūla)

• dharma – intrinsic nature, constitution, natural law, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• mūla – root, origin, foundation, source
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'jagat'.

जगत् (jagat) - the world, the universe (the world, universe, moving)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - the world, the universe, moving, living being

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root gam (to go) in reduplicated form

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

राजन् (rājan) - O King (O King, King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Vocative case, addressing the king.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अन्यत् (anyat) - anything else (other, different, another)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different, distinct

Note: Agrees with implied 'vastu' (thing).

धर्मात् (dharmāt) - than natural law (dharma) (than dharma, from dharma)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - intrinsic nature, constitution, natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, religion

Derived from root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Used with 'viśiṣyate' for comparison: 'excels from'.

विशिष्यते (viśiṣyate) - excels, is superior (excels, is distinguished, is superior, is excellent)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of viśiṣ

Prefix vi- + root śiṣ (to distinguish)

Prefix: vi

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Passive voice, 'is excelled (by anything else)' implying 'nothing excels it'.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (intrinsic nature, constitution, natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, religion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - intrinsic nature, constitution, natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, religion, justice, law

Derived from root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two statements.

अर्थेन (arthena) - by means of wealth (artha) (by wealth, by means, by purpose)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of artha

artha - wealth, property, purpose, meaning, object, means

Note: Indicates the means by which dharma can be practiced.

महता (mahatā) - by great (wealth) (by great, by much)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, extensive, important

Note: Agrees with 'arthena'.

शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible (to be practiced) (possible, able, capable, practicable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, able to be done, practicable

Gerundive (karmaṇi pratyaya)

Derived from root śak (to be able) with suffix -ya

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'dharmaḥ'.

राजन् (rājan) - O King (O King, King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Vocative case, addressing the king.

निषेवितुम् (niṣevitum) - to practice (dharma) (to practice, to perform, to attend to, to worship)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Prefix ni- + root sev (to serve) + suffix -tumun

Prefix: ni

Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Infinitives are indeclinable, hence gender/number/case/person are null.