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3,34

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-34, verse-68

सर्वथा संहतैरेव दुर्बलैर्बलवानपि ।
अमित्रः शक्यते हन्तुं मधुहा भ्रमरैरिव ॥६८॥
68. sarvathā saṁhataireva durbalairbalavānapi ,
amitraḥ śakyate hantuṁ madhuhā bhramarairiva.
68. sarvathā saṃhataiḥ eva durbalaiḥ balavān api
amitraḥ śakyate hantuṃ madhuhā bhramaraiḥ iva
68. In every respect (sarvathā), even a powerful enemy (balavān api amitraḥ) can be killed (śakyate hantuṃ) by those who are weak (durbalaiḥ) but are indeed united (saṃhataiḥ eva), just as a honey-collector (madhuhā) is killed by bees (bhramarair iva).

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in every respect (in every way, by all means, entirely)
  • संहतैः (saṁhataiḥ) - by united (forces/individuals) (by united, by joined, by collected)
  • एव (eva) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, only, just, exactly, very)
  • दुर्बलैः (durbalaiḥ) - by those who are weak (by weak, by feeble, by powerless)
  • बलवान् (balavān) - powerful (enemy) (powerful, strong, mighty)
  • अपि (api) - even (also, even, indeed, although)
  • अमित्रः (amitraḥ) - an enemy (enemy, foe)
  • शक्यते (śakyate) - can be (is able, can be, is possible)
  • हन्तुं (hantuṁ) - to kill (to kill, to strike, to destroy)
  • मधुहा (madhuhā) - a honey-collector (honey-killer, honey-taker)
  • भ्रमरैर् (bhramarair) - by bees (by bees, by black bees)
  • इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in every respect (in every way, by all means, entirely)
(indeclinable)
From 'sarva' with -thā suffix meaning 'in that manner'
संहतैः (saṁhataiḥ) - by united (forces/individuals) (by united, by joined, by collected)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of saṃhata
saṁhata - united, joined, collected, compacted
Past Passive Participle
From root han- 'to strike' with prefix sam- (but here meaning 'to join, collect')
Prefix: sam
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Modifies 'durbalaiḥ'.
एव (eva) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, only, just, exactly, very)
(indeclinable)
दुर्बलैः (durbalaiḥ) - by those who are weak (by weak, by feeble, by powerless)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of durbala
durbala - weak, feeble, powerless, infirm
compound of 'dur' (bad, difficult) and 'bala' (strength)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (dur+bala)
  • dur – bad, difficult, ill-
    indeclinable
    prefix
  • bala – strength, power, force
    noun (neuter)
Note: Implies 'persons' or 'forces'.
बलवान् (balavān) - powerful (enemy) (powerful, strong, mighty)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat
balavat - strong, powerful, mighty
possessive suffix -vat
possessing bala (strength)
Note: Modifies 'amitraḥ'.
अपि (api) - even (also, even, indeed, although)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle, 'even though powerful'.
अमित्रः (amitraḥ) - an enemy (enemy, foe)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of amitra
amitra - enemy, foe, hostile person
Negation of 'mitra'
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+mitra)
  • a – not, un-
    indeclinable
    negative prefix
  • mitra – friend, ally
    noun (masculine)
Note: Subject of the passive construction 'śakyate hantuṃ'.
शक्यते (śakyate) - can be (is able, can be, is possible)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of śak
present passive
Present tense, 3rd person singular, passive voice, ātmanepada. From root śak- (5th class, here used in passive construction meaning 'can be').
Root: śak (class 5)
हन्तुं (hantuṁ) - to kill (to kill, to strike, to destroy)
(indeclinable)
infinitive
Infinitive form of root han- 'to kill'
Root: han (class 2)
मधुहा (madhuhā) - a honey-collector (honey-killer, honey-taker)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of madhuhā
madhuhā - honey-taker, one who kills for honey, bee-destroyer
agent noun from han- with madhu-
compound of 'madhu' (honey) and 'hā' (killer, taker, from root han)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+han)
  • madhu – honey, sweet
    noun (neuter)
  • han – killer, destroyer
    noun (masculine)
    agent noun
    from root han- 'to kill'
    Root: han (class 2)
Note: Subject in the simile.
भ्रमरैर् (bhramarair) - by bees (by bees, by black bees)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhramara
bhramara - bee, black bee
Root: bhram (class 1)
Note: Agent in the simile.
इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)
(indeclinable)