महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-3, chapter-34, verse-68
सर्वथा संहतैरेव दुर्बलैर्बलवानपि ।
अमित्रः शक्यते हन्तुं मधुहा भ्रमरैरिव ॥६८॥
अमित्रः शक्यते हन्तुं मधुहा भ्रमरैरिव ॥६८॥
68. sarvathā saṁhataireva durbalairbalavānapi ,
amitraḥ śakyate hantuṁ madhuhā bhramarairiva.
amitraḥ śakyate hantuṁ madhuhā bhramarairiva.
68.
sarvathā saṃhataiḥ eva durbalaiḥ balavān api
amitraḥ śakyate hantuṃ madhuhā bhramaraiḥ iva
amitraḥ śakyate hantuṃ madhuhā bhramaraiḥ iva
68.
In every respect (sarvathā), even a powerful enemy (balavān api amitraḥ) can be killed (śakyate hantuṃ) by those who are weak (durbalaiḥ) but are indeed united (saṃhataiḥ eva), just as a honey-collector (madhuhā) is killed by bees (bhramarair iva).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in every respect (in every way, by all means, entirely)
- संहतैः (saṁhataiḥ) - by united (forces/individuals) (by united, by joined, by collected)
- एव (eva) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, only, just, exactly, very)
- दुर्बलैः (durbalaiḥ) - by those who are weak (by weak, by feeble, by powerless)
- बलवान् (balavān) - powerful (enemy) (powerful, strong, mighty)
- अपि (api) - even (also, even, indeed, although)
- अमित्रः (amitraḥ) - an enemy (enemy, foe)
- शक्यते (śakyate) - can be (is able, can be, is possible)
- हन्तुं (hantuṁ) - to kill (to kill, to strike, to destroy)
- मधुहा (madhuhā) - a honey-collector (honey-killer, honey-taker)
- भ्रमरैर् (bhramarair) - by bees (by bees, by black bees)
- इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)
Words meanings and morphology
सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in every respect (in every way, by all means, entirely)
(indeclinable)
From 'sarva' with -thā suffix meaning 'in that manner'
संहतैः (saṁhataiḥ) - by united (forces/individuals) (by united, by joined, by collected)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of saṃhata
saṁhata - united, joined, collected, compacted
Past Passive Participle
From root han- 'to strike' with prefix sam- (but here meaning 'to join, collect')
Prefix: sam
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Modifies 'durbalaiḥ'.
एव (eva) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, only, just, exactly, very)
(indeclinable)
दुर्बलैः (durbalaiḥ) - by those who are weak (by weak, by feeble, by powerless)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of durbala
durbala - weak, feeble, powerless, infirm
compound of 'dur' (bad, difficult) and 'bala' (strength)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (dur+bala)
- dur – bad, difficult, ill-
indeclinable
prefix - bala – strength, power, force
noun (neuter)
Note: Implies 'persons' or 'forces'.
बलवान् (balavān) - powerful (enemy) (powerful, strong, mighty)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat
balavat - strong, powerful, mighty
possessive suffix -vat
possessing bala (strength)
Note: Modifies 'amitraḥ'.
अपि (api) - even (also, even, indeed, although)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle, 'even though powerful'.
अमित्रः (amitraḥ) - an enemy (enemy, foe)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of amitra
amitra - enemy, foe, hostile person
Negation of 'mitra'
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+mitra)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
negative prefix - mitra – friend, ally
noun (masculine)
Note: Subject of the passive construction 'śakyate hantuṃ'.
शक्यते (śakyate) - can be (is able, can be, is possible)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of śak
present passive
Present tense, 3rd person singular, passive voice, ātmanepada. From root śak- (5th class, here used in passive construction meaning 'can be').
Root: śak (class 5)
हन्तुं (hantuṁ) - to kill (to kill, to strike, to destroy)
(indeclinable)
infinitive
Infinitive form of root han- 'to kill'
Root: han (class 2)
मधुहा (madhuhā) - a honey-collector (honey-killer, honey-taker)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of madhuhā
madhuhā - honey-taker, one who kills for honey, bee-destroyer
agent noun from han- with madhu-
compound of 'madhu' (honey) and 'hā' (killer, taker, from root han)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+han)
- madhu – honey, sweet
noun (neuter) - han – killer, destroyer
noun (masculine)
agent noun
from root han- 'to kill'
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Subject in the simile.
भ्रमरैर् (bhramarair) - by bees (by bees, by black bees)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhramara
bhramara - bee, black bee
Root: bhram (class 1)
Note: Agent in the simile.
इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)
(indeclinable)