महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-34, verse-19

सर्वथा कार्यमेतन्नः स्वधर्ममनुतिष्ठताम् ।
काङ्क्षतां विपुलां कीर्तिं वैरं प्रतिचिकीर्षताम् ॥१९॥

19. sarvathā kāryametannaḥ svadharmamanutiṣṭhatām ,
kāṅkṣatāṁ vipulāṁ kīrtiṁ vairaṁ praticikīrṣatām.

19. sarvathā kāryam etat naḥ sva-dharmam anutiṣṭhatām
kāṅkṣatām vipulām kīrtim vairam praticikīrṣatām

19. This task must certainly be accomplished by us who are upholding our own natural law (dharma), aspiring for great fame, and desiring to avenge this hostility.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in every way, by all means, certainly

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - this action/duty (of fighting) (to be done, duty, task, action)

• एतत् (etat) - this task/duty just mentioned (this)

• नः (naḥ) - by us, for us, our

• स्व-धर्मम् (sva-dharmam) - our specific duty (dharma) as warriors (kṣatriyas) (one's own duty, one's own nature)

• अनुतिष्ठताम् (anutiṣṭhatām) - of us who are performing our duty (of those performing, of those observing)

• काङ्क्षताम् (kāṅkṣatām) - of us who desire (of those desiring, of those wishing)

• विपुलाम् (vipulām) - great, extensive, abundant

• कीर्तिम् (kīrtim) - great reputation gained from battle (fame, renown, glory)

• वैरम् (vairam) - the existing hostility with the Kauravas (hostility, enmity, revenge)

• प्रतिचिकीर्षताम् (praticikīrṣatām) - of us who seek to avenge the wrong (of those desiring to avenge, of those wishing to retaliate)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in every way, by all means, certainly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial formation from 'sarva' (all).

कार्यम् (kāryam) - this action/duty (of fighting) (to be done, duty, task, action)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, fit to be done, duty, action, business

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From root `kṛ` (to do) with suffix `ṇyat`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Expresses obligation or fitness.

एतत् (etat) - this task/duty just mentioned (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

नः (naḥ) - by us, for us, our

(pronoun)

plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun.

Note: Agent in the passive construction "this must be done by us".

स्व-धर्मम् (sva-dharmam) - our specific duty (dharma) as warriors (kṣatriyas) (one's own duty, one's own nature)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sva-dharma

sva-dharma - one's own duty (dharma), one's inherent nature (dharma), one's own law (dharma)

Compound of 'sva' (own) and 'dharma' (duty, natural law, constitution).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sva+dharma)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun/adjective
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, intrinsic nature (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of `anutiṣṭhatām`.

अनुतिष्ठताम् (anutiṣṭhatām) - of us who are performing our duty (of those performing, of those observing)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of anutiṣṭhat

anutiṣṭhat - performing, observing, practicing, standing by

Present Active Participle

From root `sthā` (to stand) with prefix `anu-`, reduplicated `tiṣṭh` stem, and `śatṛ` suffix.

Prefix: anu

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'naḥ' (our).

काङ्क्षताम् (kāṅkṣatām) - of us who desire (of those desiring, of those wishing)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kāṅkṣat

kāṅkṣat - desiring, wishing, longing for

Present Active Participle

From root `kāṅkṣ` (to desire) with `śatṛ` suffix.

Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'naḥ' (our).

विपुलाम् (vipulām) - great, extensive, abundant

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vipula

vipula - large, extensive, ample, broad, great, abundant

कीर्तिम् (kīrtim) - great reputation gained from battle (fame, renown, glory)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kīrti

kīrti - fame, renown, glory, reputation, report

From root `kīrt` (to mention, praise).

Root: kīrt (class 10)

वैरम् (vairam) - the existing hostility with the Kauravas (hostility, enmity, revenge)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vaira

vaira - hostility, enmity, hatred, revenge

From `vīra` (hero) or `vīra` (man), meaning 'hostility proper to men/heroes'.

प्रतिचिकीर्षताम् (praticikīrṣatām) - of us who seek to avenge the wrong (of those desiring to avenge, of those wishing to retaliate)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of praticikīrṣat

praticikīrṣat - desiring to requite, desiring to avenge, wishing to retaliate

Present Active Participle (Desiderative)

Desiderative stem from `prati-kṛ` (to requite, return) + `śatṛ` suffix. `kīrṣa` is the desiderative stem of `kṛ`.

Prefix: prati

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'naḥ' (our).