महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-34, verse-27

तस्य धर्मार्थहीनस्य कामान्ते निधनं ध्रुवम् ।
कामतो रममाणस्य मीनस्येवाम्भसः क्षये ॥२७॥

27. tasya dharmārthahīnasya kāmānte nidhanaṁ dhruvam ,
kāmato ramamāṇasya mīnasyevāmbhasaḥ kṣaye.

27. tasya dharmārthahīnasya kāma ante nidhanam dhruvam
kāmataḥ ramamāṇasya mīnasya iva ambhasaḥ kṣaye

27. For such a person, deprived of natural law (dharma) and material prosperity (artha), who indulges in pleasure (kama), death is certain when his desires end, just as a fish dies when the water dries up.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - For such a person (his, of him, its)

• धर्मार्थहीनस्य (dharmārthahīnasya) - of one deprived of dharma and artha

• काम (kāma) - desire, pleasure, love

• अन्ते (ante) - at the end, in the end, finally

• निधनम् (nidhanam) - death, destruction, annihilation, end

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certain, fixed, constant, inevitable

• कामतः (kāmataḥ) - indulging in pleasure/desire (from desire, by desire, willingly, out of desire)

• रममाणस्य (ramamāṇasya) - of one indulging in pleasure (of one enjoying, delighting, indulging)

• मीनस्य (mīnasya) - of a fish

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अम्भसः (ambhasaḥ) - of water

• क्षये (kṣaye) - in the drying up (of water) (in the destruction, in the decay, in the loss, in the drying up)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - For such a person (his, of him, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

धर्मार्थहीनस्य (dharmārthahīnasya) - of one deprived of dharma and artha

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharmārthahīna

dharmārthahīna - deprived of dharma and artha, destitute of virtue and wealth

Compound of dharmārtha (dharma and artha) and hīna (deprived).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharmārtha+hīna)

• dharmārtha – dharma and artha (the two aims of human life)
  noun (masculine)
• hīna – deprived, destitute, deficient, inferior
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'hā' (to abandon, lose).
  Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'tasya'.

काम (kāma) - desire, pleasure, love

(noun)

masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, pleasure, love, object of desire

Root: kam (class 1)

Note: First part of the sandhi 'kāmānte'.

अन्ते (ante) - at the end, in the end, finally

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of anta

anta - end, limit, boundary, conclusion

Note: Second part of the sandhi 'kāmānte'.

निधनम् (nidhanam) - death, destruction, annihilation, end

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nidhana

nidhana - death, destruction, annihilation, end, place of deposit

Prefix: ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certain, fixed, constant, inevitable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhruva

dhruva - fixed, firm, constant, permanent, certain, inevitable

Note: Qualifies 'nidhanam'.

कामतः (kāmataḥ) - indulging in pleasure/desire (from desire, by desire, willingly, out of desire)

(indeclinable)

Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Formed with suffix '-tas' indicating source or manner.

रममाणस्य (ramamāṇasya) - of one indulging in pleasure (of one enjoying, delighting, indulging)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ramamāṇa

ramamāṇa - enjoying, delighting, sporting, indulging

Present Middle Participle

From root 'ram' (to sport, play, rejoice) + suffix '-māna'.

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tasya'.

मीनस्य (mīnasya) - of a fish

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mīna

mīna - fish, a sign of the zodiac

Note: Used in comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

अम्भसः (ambhasaḥ) - of water

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of ambhas

ambhas - water, stream, cloud

Note: Used with 'kṣaye'.

क्षये (kṣaye) - in the drying up (of water) (in the destruction, in the decay, in the loss, in the drying up)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - destruction, decay, loss, end, decline

From root 'kṣi' (to destroy, perish).

Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Temporal locative.