महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-34, verse-54

तस्माद्विचलितः पार्थ लोके हास्यं गमिष्यसि ।
स्वधर्माद्धि मनुष्याणां चलनं न प्रशस्यते ॥५४॥

54. tasmādvicalitaḥ pārtha loke hāsyaṁ gamiṣyasi ,
svadharmāddhi manuṣyāṇāṁ calanaṁ na praśasyate.

54. tasmāt vicalitaḥ pārtha loke hāsyam gamiṣyasi
svadharmāt hi manuṣyāṇām calanam na praśasyate

54. Therefore, O son of Pṛthā (Pārtha), if you deviate from that (duty), you will incur ridicule in the world. Indeed, among humans, deviation from one's own intrinsic nature (dharma) is not praised.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - Refers to deviating from the 'dharma' mentioned in the previous verse. (from that, therefore, on that account)

• विचलितः (vicalitaḥ) - deviated, swerved, strayed

• पार्थ (pārtha) - Refers to Arjuna. (O son of Pṛthā)

• लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

• हास्यम् (hāsyam) - ridicule, an object of laughter, joke

• गमिष्यसि (gamiṣyasi) - you will go, you will attain, you will become

• स्वधर्मात् (svadharmāt) - Refers to the particular constitutional role or duty prescribed for an individual. (from one's own duty (dharma), from one's own intrinsic nature (dharma))

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of humans, among men

• चलनम् (calanam) - movement, deviation, wavering

• न (na) - not, no

• प्रशस्यते (praśasyate) - is praised, is commendable

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - Refers to deviating from the 'dharma' mentioned in the previous verse. (from that, therefore, on that account)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Can function as an indeclinable meaning 'therefore'.

विचलितः (vicalitaḥ) - deviated, swerved, strayed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicalita

vicalita - deviated, swerved, strayed, moved from

Past Passive Participle

From root cal (to move) with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: cal (class 1)

Note: Implicitly refers to 'you' (Pārtha).

पार्थ (pārtha) - Refers to Arjuna. (O son of Pṛthā)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā; Arjuna

Patronymic from Pṛthā.

लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, realm

Root: lok (class 1)

हास्यम् (hāsyam) - ridicule, an object of laughter, joke

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hāsya

hāsya - laughable, ridiculous, jest, object of laughter

Gerundive

From root has (to laugh) with suffix -ya. Can be gerundive or a noun.

Root: has (class 1)

गमिष्यसि (gamiṣyasi) - you will go, you will attain, you will become

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of gam

Future tense, second person singular.

Root: gam (class 1)

स्वधर्मात् (svadharmāt) - Refers to the particular constitutional role or duty prescribed for an individual. (from one's own duty (dharma), from one's own intrinsic nature (dharma))

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of svadharma

svadharma - one's own duty (dharma), one's own intrinsic nature (dharma)

Compound: sva (own) + dharma (duty).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sva+dharma)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun
• dharma – duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Source of deviation.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of humans, among men

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - human, man, person

From manu.

Note: Implies 'among humans' or 'in the eyes of humans'.

चलनम् (calanam) - movement, deviation, wavering

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of calana

calana - moving, motion, deviation, wavering

From root cal (to move) with suffix -ana.

Root: cal (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

प्रशस्यते (praśasyate) - is praised, is commendable

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of praśaṃs

Present tense, third person singular, passive voice. From root śaṃs with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Used with 'na' to mean 'is not praised'.