महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-34, verse-50

भैक्षचर्या न विहिता न च विट्शूद्रजीविका ।
क्षत्रियस्य विशेषेण धर्मस्तु बलमौरसम् ॥५०॥

50. bhaikṣacaryā na vihitā na ca viṭśūdrajīvikā ,
kṣatriyasya viśeṣeṇa dharmastu balamaurasam.

50. bhaikṣacaryā na vihitā na ca viṭśūdrajīvikā |
kṣatriyasya viśeṣeṇa dharmaḥ tu balam aurasam

50. The practice of begging is not ordained, nor is the livelihood of a vaiśya or śūdra, especially for a kṣatriya. But for a kṣatriya, indeed, their intrinsic nature (dharma) is inherent strength.

50. קבצנות לא נקבעה כדרך חיים ללוחם, וגם לא הפרנסה של מעמד הסוחרים ומעמד המשרתים. ובמיוחד אצל הלוחם, חוק דרכו הוא הכוח שנולד בו.

Words meanings summery:

• भैक्षचर्या (bhaikṣacaryā) - practice of begging, wandering for alms

• न (na) - not, no

• विहिता (vihitā) - prescribed, ordained, appointed, performed

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• विट्शूद्रजीविका (viṭśūdrajīvikā) - livelihood of a vaiśya or śūdra

• क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a kṣatriya

• विशेषेण (viśeṣeṇa) - especially, particularly, specifically, by distinction

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - intrinsic nature, duty (intrinsic nature, constitution, natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue)

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed, however

• बलम् (balam) - strength, power, might, force

• औरसम् (aurasam) - innate, inherent, legitimate, hereditary

Words meanings and morphology

भैक्षचर्या (bhaikṣacaryā) - practice of begging, wandering for alms

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhaikṣacaryā

bhaikṣacaryā - begging for food, wandering for alms

Compound of bhikṣā (alms) and caryā (practice, conduct).

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhikṣā+caryā)

• bhikṣā – alms, begging
  noun (feminine)
  From the root bhikṣ (to beg).
  Root: bhikṣ (class 1)
• caryā – conduct, practice, movement
  noun (feminine)
  From the root car (to move, to practice).
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Subject of the first negation.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

विहिता (vihitā) - prescribed, ordained, appointed, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vihita

vihita - prescribed, ordained, appointed, performed, placed

Past Passive Participle

From the root dhā (to place, put) with the prefix vi (apart, distinctively).

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'bhaikṣacaryā' and 'viṭśūdrajīvikā'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Repeats for second negation.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

विट्शूद्रजीविका (viṭśūdrajīvikā) - livelihood of a vaiśya or śūdra

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of viṭśūdrajīvikā

viṭśūdrajīvikā - livelihood suitable for a vaiśya or śūdra

Compound of viś (vaiśya), śūdra (śūdra), and jīvikā (livelihood).

Compound type : dvandva-tatpurusha (viś+śūdra+jīvikā)

• viś – vaiśya (member of the third varṇa), people, settlement
  noun (masculine)
• śūdra – śūdra (member of the fourth varṇa), servant class
  noun (masculine)
• jīvikā – livelihood, means of subsistence, profession
  noun (feminine)
  From the root jīv (to live).
  Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Subject of the second negation, implicitly with 'vihitā'.

क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a kṣatriya

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - kṣatriya (member of the warrior or ruling class)

From kṣatra (rule, dominion).

Note: Specifies whose dharma/livelihood is being discussed.

विशेषेण (viśeṣeṇa) - especially, particularly, specifically, by distinction

(indeclinable)

From the root śiṣ (to leave remaining) with the prefix vi (apart, distinct).

Prefix: vi

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding statement for kṣatriyas.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - intrinsic nature, duty (intrinsic nature, constitution, natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - duty, righteousness, law, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution, natural law (dharma)

From the root dhṛ (to hold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

बलम् (balam) - strength, power, might, force

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, might, force, army

औरसम् (aurasam) - innate, inherent, legitimate, hereditary

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aurasa

aurasa - innate, natural, inherent, legitimate, born from one's own breast/body

From uras (breast, chest) with the suffix aṇ.

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