महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-34, verse-14

दुर्मनुष्या हि निर्वेदमफलं सर्वघातिनम् ।
अशक्ताः श्रियमाहर्तुमात्मनः कुर्वते प्रियम् ॥१४॥

14. durmanuṣyā hi nirvedamaphalaṁ sarvaghātinam ,
aśaktāḥ śriyamāhartumātmanaḥ kurvate priyam.

14. durmanuṣyāḥ hi nirvedam aphalam sarvaghātinam
aśaktāḥ śriyam āhartum ātmanaḥ kurvate priyam

14. Indeed, wicked individuals, being unable to acquire prosperity, consider a fruitless and all-destroying despair (nirveda) as something dear to their own self (ātman).

14. אנשים רעים שאינם מסוגלים להשיג שגשוג מאמצים לעצמם ייאוש, שהוא חסר פרי והורס הכול, ועושים אותו לנחמתם.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्मनुष्याः (durmanuṣyāḥ) - wicked people, bad men

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• निर्वेदम् (nirvedam) - despair, dejection, despondency

• अफलम् (aphalam) - fruitless, useless, unproductive

• सर्वघातिनम् (sarvaghātinam) - destroying everything, all-destroying, ruinous

• अशक्ताः (aśaktāḥ) - incapable, powerless, unable

• श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity, fortune, wealth, beauty

• आहर्तुम् (āhartum) - to bring, to obtain, to acquire

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - for their own self (ātman) (of oneself, for oneself, for the self (ātman))

• कुर्वते (kurvate) - they do, they make

• प्रियम् (priyam) - dear, beloved, agreeable, pleasing

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्मनुष्याः (durmanuṣyāḥ) - wicked people, bad men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of durmanuṣya

durmanuṣya - wicked person, bad man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+manuṣya)

• dur – bad, ill, difficult (prefix)
  indeclinable
• manuṣya – man, human being
  noun (masculine)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

निर्वेदम् (nirvedam) - despair, dejection, despondency

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirveda

nirveda - despair, dejection, despondency, indifference

Prefix: nir

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: object of 'kurvate'

अफलम् (aphalam) - fruitless, useless, unproductive

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aphala

aphala - fruitless, useless, unproductive, unsuccessful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi/tatpuruṣa (a+phala)

• a – not, un- (negating prefix)
  indeclinable
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)

Note: agrees with 'nirvedam'

सर्वघातिनम् (sarvaghātinam) - destroying everything, all-destroying, ruinous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sarvaghātin

sarvaghātin - destroying all, all-destroying

Agent Noun/Adjective

from sarva + han (to strike/kill) + ṇini

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+ghātin)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• ghātin – killer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: agrees with 'nirvedam'

अशक्ताः (aśaktāḥ) - incapable, powerless, unable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aśakta

aśakta - incapable, unable, powerless

Past Passive Participle (negative)

from a + śak + kta

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+śakta)

• a – not, un- (negating prefix)
  indeclinable
• śakta – able, capable
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from śak + kta
  Root: śak (class 5)

Note: agrees with 'durmanuṣyāḥ'

श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity, fortune, wealth, beauty

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śrī

śrī - prosperity, fortune, wealth, beauty, glory

Note: object of 'āhartum'

आहर्तुम् (āhartum) - to bring, to obtain, to acquire

(verb)

infinitive of āhartum

Infinitive

from ā + hṛ + tumun

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - for their own self (ātman) (of oneself, for oneself, for the self (ātman))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, essence, individual soul (ātman), the Supreme Self

Note: refers to the 'self' of the wicked people

कुर्वते (kurvate) - they do, they make

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Tense

3rd person plural, middle voice (ātmanepada)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: with 'priyam' it means 'they make dear' or 'they choose as dear'

प्रियम् (priyam) - dear, beloved, agreeable, pleasing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, agreeable, pleasing; a beloved object or person

Note: agrees with 'nirvedam', making despair 'dear'

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