महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-34, verse-31

अर्थार्थी पुरुषो राजन्बृहन्तं धर्ममृच्छति ।
अर्थमृच्छति कामार्थी न कामादन्यमृच्छती ॥३१॥

31. arthārthī puruṣo rājanbṛhantaṁ dharmamṛcchati ,
arthamṛcchati kāmārthī na kāmādanyamṛcchatī.

31. artha-arthī puruṣaḥ rājan bṛhantam dharmam ṛcchati
| artham ṛcchati kāma-arthī na kāmāt anyam ṛcchati

31. O King, a person who seeks material prosperity (artha-arthī puruṣaḥ) attains great righteousness (dharma). However, one who seeks desire (kāma-arthī) attains material prosperity (artha), but does not attain anything other than desire (kāma).

Words meanings summery:

• अर्थ-अर्थी (artha-arthī) - seeker of wealth/material prosperity

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man, person, male, human being

• राजन् (rājan) - O king!

• बृहन्तम् (bṛhantam) - great, vast, large

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - righteousness, duty, natural law

• ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains, reaches, goes to

• अर्थम् (artham) - material prosperity, purpose, meaning

• ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains, reaches, goes to

• काम-अर्थी (kāma-arthī) - seeker of desire

• न (na) - not, no

• कामात् (kāmāt) - from desire

• अन्यम् (anyam) - other, another

• ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains, reaches, goes to

Words meanings and morphology

अर्थ-अर्थी (artha-arthī) - seeker of wealth/material prosperity

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of artha-arthin

artha-arthin - seeker of wealth/material prosperity, interested in material gain

tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (artha+arthin)

• artha – aim, purpose, meaning, wealth, material prosperity
  noun (masculine)
• arthin – seeker, desirous of, having a purpose
  adjective (masculine)
  suffixed with -in
  Root: arth (class 10)

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man, person, male, human being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being, cosmic person

राजन् (rājan) - O king!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

बृहन्तम् (bṛhantam) - great, vast, large

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bṛhat

bṛhat - great, large, vast, mighty

present active participle of bṛh (to grow, swell)

Root: bṛh (class 1)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - righteousness, duty, natural law

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, natural law, duty, constitution, virtue

from root dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains, reaches, goes to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ṛcch

Root: ṛcch (class 6)

अर्थम् (artham) - material prosperity, purpose, meaning

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - aim, purpose, meaning, wealth, material prosperity

ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains, reaches, goes to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ṛcch

Root: ṛcch (class 6)

काम-अर्थी (kāma-arthī) - seeker of desire

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāma-arthin

kāma-arthin - seeker of desire, desirous

tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+arthin)

• kāma – desire, wish, longing, love
  noun (masculine)
  from root kam (to desire)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• arthin – seeker, desirous of, having a purpose
  adjective (masculine)
  suffixed with -in
  Root: arth (class 10)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

कामात् (kāmāt) - from desire

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, longing, love

from root kam (to desire)

Root: kam (class 1)

अन्यम् (anyam) - other, another

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains, reaches, goes to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ṛcch

Root: ṛcch (class 6)