महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-34, verse-31

अर्थार्थी पुरुषो राजन्बृहन्तं धर्ममृच्छति ।
अर्थमृच्छति कामार्थी न कामादन्यमृच्छती ॥३१॥

31. arthārthī puruṣo rājanbṛhantaṁ dharmamṛcchati ,
arthamṛcchati kāmārthī na kāmādanyamṛcchatī.

31. artha-arthī puruṣaḥ rājan bṛhantam dharmam ṛcchati
| artham ṛcchati kāma-arthī na kāmāt anyam ṛcchati

31. O King, a person who seeks material prosperity (artha-arthī puruṣaḥ) attains great righteousness (dharma). However, one who seeks desire (kāma-arthī) attains material prosperity (artha), but does not attain anything other than desire (kāma).

31. הו מלך, מי שמחפש עושר מגיע ליושר גדול, מי שמחפש הנאה מגיע לעושר, ומן ההנאה אין מגיעים לשום דבר אחר.

Words meanings summery:

• अर्थ-अर्थी (artha-arthī) - seeker of wealth/material prosperity

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man, person, male, human being

• राजन् (rājan) - O king!

• बृहन्तम् (bṛhantam) - great, vast, large

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - righteousness, duty, natural law

• ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains, reaches, goes to

• अर्थम् (artham) - material prosperity, purpose, meaning

• ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains, reaches, goes to

• काम-अर्थी (kāma-arthī) - seeker of desire

• न (na) - not, no

• कामात् (kāmāt) - from desire

• अन्यम् (anyam) - other, another

• ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains, reaches, goes to

Words meanings and morphology

अर्थ-अर्थी (artha-arthī) - seeker of wealth/material prosperity

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of artha-arthin

artha-arthin - seeker of wealth/material prosperity, interested in material gain

tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (artha+arthin)

• artha – aim, purpose, meaning, wealth, material prosperity
  noun (masculine)
• arthin – seeker, desirous of, having a purpose
  adjective (masculine)
  suffixed with -in
  Root: arth (class 10)

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man, person, male, human being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being, cosmic person

राजन् (rājan) - O king!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

बृहन्तम् (bṛhantam) - great, vast, large

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bṛhat

bṛhat - great, large, vast, mighty

present active participle of bṛh (to grow, swell)

Root: bṛh (class 1)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - righteousness, duty, natural law

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, natural law, duty, constitution, virtue

from root dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains, reaches, goes to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ṛcch

Root: ṛcch (class 6)

अर्थम् (artham) - material prosperity, purpose, meaning

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - aim, purpose, meaning, wealth, material prosperity

ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains, reaches, goes to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ṛcch

Root: ṛcch (class 6)

काम-अर्थी (kāma-arthī) - seeker of desire

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāma-arthin

kāma-arthin - seeker of desire, desirous

tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+arthin)

• kāma – desire, wish, longing, love
  noun (masculine)
  from root kam (to desire)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• arthin – seeker, desirous of, having a purpose
  adjective (masculine)
  suffixed with -in
  Root: arth (class 10)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

कामात् (kāmāt) - from desire

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, longing, love

from root kam (to desire)

Root: kam (class 1)

अन्यम् (anyam) - other, another

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains, reaches, goes to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ṛcch

Root: ṛcch (class 6)

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