महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-34, verse-23

यस्य धर्मो हि धर्मार्थं क्लेशभाङ्न स पण्डितः ।
न स धर्मस्य वेदार्थं सूर्यस्यान्धः प्रभामिव ॥२३॥

23. yasya dharmo hi dharmārthaṁ kleśabhāṅna sa paṇḍitaḥ ,
na sa dharmasya vedārthaṁ sūryasyāndhaḥ prabhāmiva.

23. yasya dharmaḥ hi dharma-artham kleśa-bhāk na saḥ paṇḍitaḥ
na saḥ dharmasya veda-artham sūryasya andhaḥ prabhām iva

23. Indeed, a person whose adherence to natural law (dharma) – even when performed for the sake of natural law (dharma) itself – results in hardship (kleśabhāk), is not truly wise (paṇḍita). Such a person does not comprehend the true essence of natural law (dharma), just as a blind person cannot perceive the radiance of the sun.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• धर्म-अर्थम् (dharma-artham) - for the sake of dharma, for a purpose related to dharma

• क्लेश-भाक् (kleśa-bhāk) - experiencing distress, suffering hardship, partaking in misery

• न (na) - not, no

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - wise person, scholar, learned person

• न (na) - not, no

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of dharma

• वेद-अर्थम् (veda-artham) - the true essence of natural law (dharma) (the meaning of the Veda, the true meaning/essence (of dharma))

• सूर्यस्य (sūryasya) - of the sun

• अन्धः (andhaḥ) - blind person

• प्रभाम् (prabhām) - radiance, light, splendor

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature

From root √dhṛ (to uphold, support, bear) + -man suffix.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

धर्म-अर्थम् (dharma-artham) - for the sake of dharma, for a purpose related to dharma

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmārtha

dharmārtha - purpose of dharma, meaning of dharma, for the sake of dharma

Compound formed from `dharma` and `artha`.

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+artha)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  From root √dhṛ (to uphold, support, bear) + -man suffix.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth, material prosperity
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially here to mean "for the sake of dharma".

क्लेश-भाक् (kleśa-bhāk) - experiencing distress, suffering hardship, partaking in misery

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kleśabhāj

kleśabhāj - partaker of distress, suffering hardship

Compound from `kleśa` (distress) and `bhāj` (partaker, sharer).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kleśa+bhāj)

• kleśa – distress, pain, affliction, suffering
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kliś (class 4)
• bhāj – partaker, sharer, possessing
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √bhaj (to share, partake).
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Sandhi `j` -> `k` before `n` (of `na`).

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - wise person, scholar, learned person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paṇḍita

paṇḍita - wise, learned, scholar, pandit

Root: paṇḍ (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of dharma

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature

From root √dhṛ (to uphold, support, bear) + -man suffix.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

वेद-अर्थम् (veda-artham) - the true essence of natural law (dharma) (the meaning of the Veda, the true meaning/essence (of dharma))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vedārtha

vedārtha - meaning of the Veda, significance of knowledge, true purpose

Compound formed from `veda` and `artha`.

Compound type : tatpurusha (veda+artha)

• veda – knowledge, sacred knowledge, Veda
  noun (masculine)
  From root √vid (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth, material prosperity
  noun (masculine)

सूर्यस्य (sūryasya) - of the sun

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, sun god

अन्धः (andhaḥ) - blind person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of andha

andha - blind, a blind person

प्रभाम् (prabhām) - radiance, light, splendor

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prabhā

prabhā - light, radiance, splendor, lustre

From pra- √bhā (to shine).

Prefix: pra

Root: bhā (class 2)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)