महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-34, verse-2

राज्यस्य पदवीं धर्म्यां व्रज सत्पुरुषोचिताम् ।
धर्मकामार्थहीनानां किं नो वस्तुं तपोवने ॥२॥

2. rājyasya padavīṁ dharmyāṁ vraja satpuruṣocitām ,
dharmakāmārthahīnānāṁ kiṁ no vastuṁ tapovane.

2. rājyasya padavīm dharmyām vraja satpuruṣocitām
dharmakāmārthahīnānām kim naḥ vastum tapovane

2. Embrace the righteous (dharma) path to kingship, which is suitable for noble individuals. Why should we live in a hermitage (tapo-vana) when we are deprived of our (dharma), legitimate desires (kāma), and wealth (artha)?

Words meanings summery:

• राज्यस्य (rājyasya) - of kingship, of the kingdom, of the state

• पदवीम् (padavīm) - the position/path of kingship (path, position, rank)

• धर्म्याम् (dharmyām) - righteous, lawful, conforming to dharma

• व्रज (vraja) - follow, attain (go, move, proceed, follow, attain)

• सत्पुरुषोचिताम् (satpuruṣocitām) - suitable for noble persons, befitting noble persons

• धर्मकामार्थहीनानाम् (dharmakāmārthahīnānām) - for us (Pāṇḍavas) who are deprived of our (dharma), legitimate desires (kāma), and wealth (artha) (for those deprived of dharma, kāma, and artha)

• किम् (kim) - why, for what purpose (what, why)

• नः (naḥ) - for us (Pāṇḍavas) (us, to us, our)

• वस्तुम् (vastum) - to dwell, to live

• तपोवने (tapovane) - in a hermitage, in an ascetic grove

Words meanings and morphology

राज्यस्य (rājyasya) - of kingship, of the kingdom, of the state

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingship, kingdom, state

पदवीम् (padavīm) - the position/path of kingship (path, position, rank)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of padavī

padavī - path, position, rank, status

Note: Direct object of 'vraja'.

धर्म्याम् (dharmyām) - righteous, lawful, conforming to dharma

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dharmya

dharmya - righteous, lawful, conforming to dharma

from dharma + yat (taddhita)

Note: Qualifies 'padavīm'.

व्रज (vraja) - follow, attain (go, move, proceed, follow, attain)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vraj

Imperative Active

2nd person singular Imperative Active of √vraj

Root: vraj (class 1)

सत्पुरुषोचिताम् (satpuruṣocitām) - suitable for noble persons, befitting noble persons

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of satpuruṣocita

satpuruṣocita - suitable for noble persons

Compound: satpuruṣa + ucita

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (satpuruṣa+ucita)

• satpuruṣa – noble person, virtuous man
  noun (masculine)
• ucita – proper, suitable, fitting
  participle (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √vac (to speak, contextually 'to be suitable')
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'padavīm'.

धर्मकामार्थहीनानाम् (dharmakāmārthahīnānām) - for us (Pāṇḍavas) who are deprived of our (dharma), legitimate desires (kāma), and wealth (artha) (for those deprived of dharma, kāma, and artha)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dharmakāmārthahīna

dharmakāmārthahīna - deprived of dharma, kāma, and artha

Compound: dharma-kāma-artha + hīna

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (dharma+kāma+artha+hīna)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, constitution, natural law
  noun (masculine)
• kāma – desire, wish, pleasure, love
  noun (masculine)
• artha – wealth, purpose, meaning, object
  noun (masculine)
• hīna – deprived of, deficient in, left out
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √hā 'to abandon'
  Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Refers to 'us' (naḥ).

किम् (kim) - why, for what purpose (what, why)

(indeclinable)

नः (naḥ) - for us (Pāṇḍavas) (us, to us, our)

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

Note: Can also be genitive or accusative plural.

वस्तुम् (vastum) - to dwell, to live

(indeclinable)

infinitive

infinitive form of √vas

Root: vas (class 1)

तपोवने (tapovane) - in a hermitage, in an ascetic grove

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tapovana

tapovana - hermitage, ascetic grove, forest for austerities

Compound: tapas + vana

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (tapas+vana)

• tapas – asceticism, austerity, heat, spiritual fervor
  noun (neuter)
• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)