महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-34, verse-51

उदारमेव विद्वांसो धर्मं प्राहुर्मनीषिणः ।
उदारं प्रतिपद्यस्व नावरे स्थातुमर्हसि ॥५१॥

51. udārameva vidvāṁso dharmaṁ prāhurmanīṣiṇaḥ ,
udāraṁ pratipadyasva nāvare sthātumarhasi.

51. udāram eva vidvāṃsaḥ dharmam prāhuḥ manīṣiṇaḥ
| udāram pratipadyasva na avare sthātum arhasi

51. The wise and discerning indeed declare the natural law (dharma) to be noble. You must adopt the noble; you are not fit to remain in an inferior state.

Words meanings summery:

• उदारम् (udāram) - noble, exalted, generous, magnanimous, mighty

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

• विद्वांसः (vidvāṁsaḥ) - the wise, the learned

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, duty (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, intrinsic nature)

• प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they declare, they state

• मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - the sagacious, the thoughtful, the discerning

• उदारम् (udāram) - noble, exalted, generous

• प्रतिपद्यस्व (pratipadyasva) - adopt, resort to, attain, accept

• न (na) - not, no

• अवरे (avare) - in an inferior place/state, in a low position

• स्थातुम् (sthātum) - to stand, to remain, to exist

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

Words meanings and morphology

उदारम् (udāram) - noble, exalted, generous, magnanimous, mighty

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udāra

udāra - noble, exalted, generous, magnanimous, mighty, excellent

From the root ṛ (to raise, lift up) with the prefix ud.

Prefix: ud

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'prāhuḥ'.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

(indeclinable)

विद्वांसः (vidvāṁsaḥ) - the wise, the learned

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidvat

vidvat - wise, learned, knowing

Present Active Participle

From the root vid (to know), class 2.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'prāhuḥ'.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, duty (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - duty, righteousness, law, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution, natural law (dharma)

From the root dhṛ (to hold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they declare, they state

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of pra-ah

Perfect active

Irregular root ah, primarily used in the perfect tense, with the prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: ah

Note: Verb for 'vidvāṃsaḥ' and 'manīṣiṇaḥ'.

मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - the sagacious, the thoughtful, the discerning

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manīṣin

manīṣin - thoughtful, intelligent, wise, sagacious, discerning

From manīṣā (intellect, wisdom).

Root: man

Note: Also subject of 'prāhuḥ', often paired with 'vidvāṃsaḥ'.

उदारम् (udāram) - noble, exalted, generous

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of udāra

udāra - noble, exalted, generous, magnanimous, mighty, excellent

From the root ṛ (to raise, lift up) with the prefix ud.

Prefix: ud

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'pratipadyasva'.

प्रतिपद्यस्व (pratipadyasva) - adopt, resort to, attain, accept

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of prati-pad

Imperative middle

Root pad belongs to class 4 (divādi) with the prefix prati.

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Addressed to the listener.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'arhasi'.

अवरे (avare) - in an inferior place/state, in a low position

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of avara

avara - inferior, low, subsequent, later

Note: Indicates state or position.

स्थातुम् (sthātum) - to stand, to remain, to exist

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root sthā, class 1 (bhvādi).

Root: sthā (class 1)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present active

Root arh belongs to class 1 (bhvādi).

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the second clause.