महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-34, verse-51

उदारमेव विद्वांसो धर्मं प्राहुर्मनीषिणः ।
उदारं प्रतिपद्यस्व नावरे स्थातुमर्हसि ॥५१॥

51. udārameva vidvāṁso dharmaṁ prāhurmanīṣiṇaḥ ,
udāraṁ pratipadyasva nāvare sthātumarhasi.

51. udāram eva vidvāṃsaḥ dharmam prāhuḥ manīṣiṇaḥ
| udāram pratipadyasva na avare sthātum arhasi

51. The wise and discerning indeed declare the natural law (dharma) to be noble. You must adopt the noble; you are not fit to remain in an inferior state.

51. החכמים והמלומדים אומרים שהיושר האמיתי הוא דבר נעלה. אמץ לך את הנעלה, ואל לך להסתפק במה שנמוך.

Words meanings summery:

• उदारम् (udāram) - noble, exalted, generous, magnanimous, mighty

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

• विद्वांसः (vidvāṁsaḥ) - the wise, the learned

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, duty (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, intrinsic nature)

• प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they declare, they state

• मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - the sagacious, the thoughtful, the discerning

• उदारम् (udāram) - noble, exalted, generous

• प्रतिपद्यस्व (pratipadyasva) - adopt, resort to, attain, accept

• न (na) - not, no

• अवरे (avare) - in an inferior place/state, in a low position

• स्थातुम् (sthātum) - to stand, to remain, to exist

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

Words meanings and morphology

उदारम् (udāram) - noble, exalted, generous, magnanimous, mighty

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udāra

udāra - noble, exalted, generous, magnanimous, mighty, excellent

From the root ṛ (to raise, lift up) with the prefix ud.

Prefix: ud

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'prāhuḥ'.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

(indeclinable)

विद्वांसः (vidvāṁsaḥ) - the wise, the learned

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidvat

vidvat - wise, learned, knowing

Present Active Participle

From the root vid (to know), class 2.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'prāhuḥ'.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, duty (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - duty, righteousness, law, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution, natural law (dharma)

From the root dhṛ (to hold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they declare, they state

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of pra-ah

Perfect active

Irregular root ah, primarily used in the perfect tense, with the prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: ah

Note: Verb for 'vidvāṃsaḥ' and 'manīṣiṇaḥ'.

मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - the sagacious, the thoughtful, the discerning

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manīṣin

manīṣin - thoughtful, intelligent, wise, sagacious, discerning

From manīṣā (intellect, wisdom).

Root: man

Note: Also subject of 'prāhuḥ', often paired with 'vidvāṃsaḥ'.

उदारम् (udāram) - noble, exalted, generous

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of udāra

udāra - noble, exalted, generous, magnanimous, mighty, excellent

From the root ṛ (to raise, lift up) with the prefix ud.

Prefix: ud

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'pratipadyasva'.

प्रतिपद्यस्व (pratipadyasva) - adopt, resort to, attain, accept

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of prati-pad

Imperative middle

Root pad belongs to class 4 (divādi) with the prefix prati.

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Addressed to the listener.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'arhasi'.

अवरे (avare) - in an inferior place/state, in a low position

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of avara

avara - inferior, low, subsequent, later

Note: Indicates state or position.

स्थातुम् (sthātum) - to stand, to remain, to exist

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root sthā, class 1 (bhvādi).

Root: sthā (class 1)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present active

Root arh belongs to class 1 (bhvādi).

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the second clause.

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