महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-61, verse-79

सुधन्वोवाच ।
पुत्रस्नेहं परित्यज्य यस्त्वं धर्मे प्रतिष्ठितः ।
अनुजानामि ते पुत्रं जीवत्वेष शतं समाः ॥७९॥

79. sudhanvovāca ,
putrasnehaṁ parityajya yastvaṁ dharme pratiṣṭhitaḥ ,
anujānāmi te putraṁ jīvatveṣa śataṁ samāḥ.

79. sudhanvā uvāca | putrasneham parityajya yaḥ tvam dharme
pratiṣṭhitaḥ | anujānāmi te putram jīvatu eṣaḥ śatam samāḥ

79. Sudhanvan said: 'Since you, having abandoned attachment to your son, are steadfast in your moral duty (dharma), I grant permission for your son to live. May he live for a hundred years.'

Words meanings summery:

• सुधन्वा (sudhanvā) - Sudhanvan

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• पुत्रस्नेहम् (putrasneham) - attachment to son, affection for son

• परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned, having given up

• यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• धर्मे (dharme) - in your moral duty (dharma) (in duty, in righteousness, in moral law)

• प्रतिष्ठितः (pratiṣṭhitaḥ) - established, firm, steadfast

• अनुजानामि (anujānāmi) - I permit, I approve, I allow

• ते (te) - your

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son

• जीवतु (jīvatu) - may he live

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (one)

• शतम् (śatam) - a hundred

• समाः (samāḥ) - years

Words meanings and morphology

सुधन्वा (sudhanvā) - Sudhanvan

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sudhanvan

sudhanvan - Sudhanvan (a proper name, lit. 'possessing a good bow')

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

पुत्रस्नेहम् (putrasneham) - attachment to son, affection for son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putrasneha

putrasneha - affection for son, attachment to son

Compound type : tatpurusha (putra+sneha)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• sneha – affection, love, attachment, oil
  noun (masculine)
  From root snih (to be sticky, to love)
  Root: snih (class 4)

परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned, having given up

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Indeclinable participle (gerund) formed from the root 'tyaj' with the prefix 'pari'.

Prefix: pari

Root: tyaj (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

धर्मे (dharme) - in your moral duty (dharma) (in duty, in righteousness, in moral law)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - duty, righteousness, law, virtue, constitution, natural law

From root dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

प्रतिष्ठितः (pratiṣṭhitaḥ) - established, firm, steadfast

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratiṣṭhita

pratiṣṭhita - established, founded, fixed, consecrated

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root sthā (to stand) with prefix prati.

Prefix: prati

Root: sthā (class 1)

अनुजानामि (anujānāmi) - I permit, I approve, I allow

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of anujñā

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

ते (te) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

पुत्रम् (putram) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

जीवतु (jīvatu) - may he live

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of jīv

Root: jīv (class 1)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

शतम् (śatam) - a hundred

(numeral)

Note: Used adverbially to indicate duration.

समाः (samāḥ) - years

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of samā

samā - year, season

Note: Accusative case used to denote duration.