महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-61, verse-53

सभां प्रपद्यते ह्यार्तः प्रज्वलन्निव हव्यवाट् ।
तं वै सत्येन धर्मेण सभ्याः प्रशमयन्त्युत ॥५३॥

53. sabhāṁ prapadyate hyārtaḥ prajvalanniva havyavāṭ ,
taṁ vai satyena dharmeṇa sabhyāḥ praśamayantyuta.

53. sabhām prapadyate hi ārtaḥ prajvalan iva havyavāṭ
tam vai satyena dharmeṇa sabhyāḥ praśamayanti uta

53. Indeed, an afflicted person enters the assembly, burning brightly like a fire. The members of the assembly should pacify him with truth and (dharma) natural law.

Words meanings summery:

• सभाम् (sabhām) - assembly, council, court

• प्रपद्यते (prapadyate) - he/she/it enters, approaches

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - a distressed person (afflicted, distressed, suffering)

• प्रज्वलन् (prajvalan) - burning brightly, blazing

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• हव्यवाट् (havyavāṭ) - fire, sacrificial fire

• तम् (tam) - him, that (person)

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely (particle)

• सत्येन (satyena) - by truth, with truth

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by (dharma) natural law, with righteousness

• सभ्याः (sabhyāḥ) - assembly members, councilors

• प्रशमयन्ति (praśamayanti) - they pacify, they calm, they soothe

• उत (uta) - and, also, moreover

Words meanings and morphology

सभाम् (sabhām) - assembly, council, court

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, council, meeting, court, hall

प्रपद्यते (prapadyate) - he/she/it enters, approaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of pad

Prefix: pra

Root: √pad (class 4)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - a distressed person (afflicted, distressed, suffering)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārta

ārta - afflicted, distressed, pained, suffering, injured

Past Passive Participle

From √ṛ ('to go, move, suffer, afflict').

Root: √ṛ (class 1)

Note: Used as a substantive, meaning 'an afflicted one'.

प्रज्वलन् (prajvalan) - burning brightly, blazing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prajvalat

prajvalat - burning, blazing, shining brightly

Present Active Participle

From √jval ('to burn, shine') with upasarga 'pra-', plus the present participle suffix '-śatṛ'.

Prefix: pra

Root: √jval (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'ārtaḥ'.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

हव्यवाट् (havyavāṭ) - fire, sacrificial fire

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of havyavāh

havyavāh - fire (as a carrier of oblations)

Literally 'carrier of oblations' (havya + vāhaka).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (havya+vāh)

• havya – oblation, offering
  noun (neuter)
• vāh – carrying, bearing, conveying
  noun (masculine)
  From √vah ('to carry')
  Root: √vah (class 1)

तम् (tam) - him, that (person)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'ārtaḥ' (the afflicted person).

वै (vai) - indeed, surely (particle)

(indeclinable)

सत्येन (satyena) - by truth, with truth

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, sincerity

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by (dharma) natural law, with righteousness

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - (dharma) natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution, essential nature

Root: √dhṛ

सभ्याः (sabhyāḥ) - assembly members, councilors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sabhya

sabhya - assembly member, a member of an assembly/council, courtier

प्रशमयन्ति (praśamayanti) - they pacify, they calm, they soothe

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of śam

Causative verb

Causative form of √śam ('to be calm') with upasarga 'pra-'.

Prefix: pra

Root: √śam (class 4)

उत (uta) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)