महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-61, verse-17

एवं स बहुशः सर्वानुक्तवांस्तान्सभासदः ।
न च ते पृथिवीपालास्तमूचुः साध्वसाधु वा ॥१७॥

17. evaṁ sa bahuśaḥ sarvānuktavāṁstānsabhāsadaḥ ,
na ca te pṛthivīpālāstamūcuḥ sādhvasādhu vā.

17. evam saḥ bahuśaḥ sarvān uktavān tān sabhāsadaḥ
na ca te pṛthivīpālāḥ tam ūcuḥ sādhu asādhu vā

17. Thus, he (Vidura) repeatedly addressed all those members of the assembly. However, those kings (pṛthivīpālāḥ) did not say anything to him, neither right (sādhu) nor wrong.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Vidura) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

• बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - repeatedly (many times, repeatedly, abundantly)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (of them) (all, every (accusative plural masculine))

• उक्तवान् (uktavān) - addressed (having spoken, having said, uttered (masculine))

• तान् (tān) - those (assembly members) (those (accusative plural masculine))

• सभासदः (sabhāsadaḥ) - assembly members (members of an assembly, councillors)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• च (ca) - and (but) (and, also)

• ते (te) - they (the kings) (they (plural))

• पृथिवीपालाः (pṛthivīpālāḥ) - kings (protectors of the earth, kings)

• तम् (tam) - him (Vidura) (him, that (accusative singular masculine))

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said (they said, they spoke)

• साधु (sādhu) - right (thing to say/do) (good, right, proper, virtuous, excellent)

• असाधु (asādhu) - wrong (thing to say/do) (not good, wrong, bad, improper)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he (Vidura) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to Vidura, who is trying to resolve the issue.

बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - repeatedly (many times, repeatedly, abundantly)

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'bahu' (many) with the suffix '-śas'.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (of them) (all, every (accusative plural masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

उक्तवान् (uktavān) - addressed (having spoken, having said, uttered (masculine))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uktavat

uktavat - having spoken, having said

Past Active Participle

From root √vac (to speak) + suffix -tavat, then declined in masculine nominative singular.

Root: √vac (class 2)

Note: Functions as the main verb here.

तान् (tān) - those (assembly members) (those (accusative plural masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

सभासदः (sabhāsadaḥ) - assembly members (members of an assembly, councillors)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sabhāsad

sabhāsad - one who sits in an assembly; member of an assembly, councillor

Compound of 'sabhā' (assembly) and 'sad' (sitting).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sabhā+sad)

• sabhā – assembly, council, court
  noun (feminine)
• sad – sitting, residing (nominalized from √sad)
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun (kṛt)
  From √sad (to sit) + suffix -kvip or equivalent.
  Root: √sad (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (but) (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Here functions as 'but'.

ते (te) - they (the kings) (they (plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

पृथिवीपालाः (pṛthivīpālāḥ) - kings (protectors of the earth, kings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pṛthivīpāla

pṛthivīpāla - protector of the earth, king, monarch

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛthivī+pāla)

• pṛthivī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  From √pāl (to protect).
  Root: √pāl (class 10)

तम् (tam) - him (Vidura) (him, that (accusative singular masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Object of the verb 'ūcuḥ'.

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said (they said, they spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of √vac

verb form

Perfect Tense, Active Voice, Plural Number, 3rd Person.

Root: √vac (class 2)

Note: The subject is 'te pṛthivīpālāḥ'.

साधु (sādhu) - right (thing to say/do) (good, right, proper, virtuous, excellent)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sādhu

sādhu - good, right, proper, virtuous, excellent; a good person, a sage

From √sādh (to accomplish, succeed).

Root: √sādh (class 5)

असाधु (asādhu) - wrong (thing to say/do) (not good, wrong, bad, improper)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of asādhu

asādhu - not good, wrong, bad, improper

Negative prefix 'a-' + 'sādhu'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sādhu)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• sādhu – good, right, proper, virtuous, excellent
  adjective (neuter)
  From √sādh (to accomplish, succeed).
  Root: √sādh (class 5)

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'sādhu' and 'asādhu'.