महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-61, verse-50

न विब्रुवन्ति कौरव्याः प्रश्नमेतमिति स्म ह ।
स जनः क्रोशति स्मात्र धृतराष्ट्रं विगर्हयन् ॥५०॥

50. na vibruvanti kauravyāḥ praśnametamiti sma ha ,
sa janaḥ krośati smātra dhṛtarāṣṭraṁ vigarhayan.

50. na vibruvanti kauravyāḥ praśnam etam iti sma ha
saḥ janaḥ krośati sma atra dhṛtarāṣṭram vigarhayant

50. The Kauravas, it is said, did not answer this question. The people there cried out, denouncing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• विब्रुवन्ति (vibruvanti) - they speak, they say, they answer

• कौरव्याः (kauravyāḥ) - the Kauravas

• प्रश्नम् (praśnam) - question, inquiry

• एतम् (etam) - this

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

• स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense

• ह (ha) - indeed, surely (particle)

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• जनः (janaḥ) - the common people, the populace (people, person)

• क्रोशति (krośati) - he/she/it cries out, shouts

• स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense

• अत्र (atra) - here, there

• धृतराष्ट्रम् (dhṛtarāṣṭram) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• विगर्हयन्त् (vigarhayant) - denouncing, condemning, blaming

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

विब्रुवन्ति (vibruvanti) - they speak, they say, they answer

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of brū

Prefix: vi

Root: √brū (class 2)

कौरव्याः (kauravyāḥ) - the Kauravas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kauravya

kauravya - a descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava

प्रश्नम् (praśnam) - question, inquiry

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of praśna

praśna - question, inquiry, problem

एतम् (etam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense

(indeclinable)

ह (ha) - indeed, surely (particle)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

जनः (janaḥ) - the common people, the populace (people, person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, people, man, creature

क्रोशति (krośati) - he/she/it cries out, shouts

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of kruś

Root: √kruś (class 1)

स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - here, there

(indeclinable)

धृतराष्ट्रम् (dhṛtarāṣṭram) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (name of the blind king of the Kuru kingdom)

विगर्हयन्त् (vigarhayant) - denouncing, condemning, blaming

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vigarhayat

vigarhayat - denouncing, censuring, blaming

Present Active Participle

From the causative stem of √garh ('to blame') with upasarga 'vi-', plus the present participle suffix '-śatṛ'.

Prefix: vi

Root: √garh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'janaḥ'