महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-61, verse-61

तयोः प्रश्नविवादोऽभूत्प्रह्लादं तावपृच्छताम् ।
ज्यायान्क आवयोरेकः प्रश्नं प्रब्रूहि मा मृषा ॥६१॥

61. tayoḥ praśnavivādo'bhūtprahlādaṁ tāvapṛcchatām ,
jyāyānka āvayorekaḥ praśnaṁ prabrūhi mā mṛṣā.

61. tayoḥ praśnavivādaḥ abhūt prahlādam tau apṛcchatām
jyāyān kaḥ āvayoḥ ekaḥ praśnam prabrūhi mā mṛṣā

61. A dispute arose between them concerning this question. They both asked Prahlāda: 'Who is the superior one (jyāyān) among us two? Please answer this question truthfully, without deceit.'

Words meanings summery:

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - referring to Virocana and Sudhanvan. (of the two, between the two of them)

• प्रश्नविवादः (praśnavivādaḥ) - dispute about a question

• अभूत् (abhūt) - arose, happened, became

• प्रह्लादम् (prahlādam) - Prahlāda (accusative)

• तौ (tau) - referring to Virocana and Sudhanvan. (those two)

• अपृच्छताम् (apṛcchatām) - they (two) asked

• ज्यायान् (jyāyān) - superior, greater, older

• कः (kaḥ) - who?

• आवयोः (āvayoḥ) - of us two, between us two

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one, a single one

• प्रश्नम् (praśnam) - question

• प्रब्रूहि (prabrūhi) - please tell, speak forth, declare

• मा (mā) - not, do not

• मृषा (mṛṣā) - truthfully (opposite of 'falsely') (falsely, untruthfully, in vain)

Words meanings and morphology

तयोः (tayoḥ) - referring to Virocana and Sudhanvan. (of the two, between the two of them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

प्रश्नविवादः (praśnavivādaḥ) - dispute about a question

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praśnavivāda

praśnavivāda - dispute regarding a question, controversy about a question

Compound type : tatpurusha (praśna+vivāda)

• praśna – question, inquiry
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'prach' (to ask) with prefix 'pra'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: prach (class 6)
• vivāda – dispute, contention, controversy
  noun (masculine)
  Verbal noun
  Derived from root 'vad' (to speak) with prefix 'vi-'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vad (class 1)

अभूत् (abhūt) - arose, happened, became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Root verb 'bhū' (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

प्रह्लादम् (prahlādam) - Prahlāda (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prahlāda

prahlāda - Prahlāda (a celebrated demon prince, devotee of Viṣṇu)

तौ (tau) - referring to Virocana and Sudhanvan. (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

अपृच्छताम् (apṛcchatām) - they (two) asked

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of prach

Root verb 'prach' (to ask).

Root: prach (class 6)

ज्यायान् (jyāyān) - superior, greater, older

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jyāyas

jyāyas - superior, greater, older, more excellent (comparative adjective)

Comparative degree of 'vṛddha' (old/great) or 'mahat' (great).

कः (kaḥ) - who?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which (interrogative pronoun)

Interrogative pronoun.

आवयोः (āvayoḥ) - of us two, between us two

(pronoun)

Genitive, dual of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

First person personal pronoun.

एकः (ekaḥ) - one, a single one

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique, sole

Numeral/indefinite pronoun.

प्रश्नम् (praśnam) - question

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of praśna

praśna - question, inquiry, problem

Action noun

Derived from root 'prach' (to ask) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: prach (class 6)

प्रब्रूहि (prabrūhi) - please tell, speak forth, declare

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of pra-brū

Verb formed with prefix 'pra-' from root 'brū' (to speak).

Prefix: pra

Root: brū (class 2)

मा (mā) - not, do not

(indeclinable)

Prohibitive particle.

मृषा (mṛṣā) - truthfully (opposite of 'falsely') (falsely, untruthfully, in vain)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.