महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-61, verse-45

यद्येतदेवमुक्त्वा तु न कुर्यां पृथिवीश्वराः ।
पितामहानां सर्वेषां नाहं गतिमवाप्नुयाम् ॥४५॥

45. yadyetadevamuktvā tu na kuryāṁ pṛthivīśvarāḥ ,
pitāmahānāṁ sarveṣāṁ nāhaṁ gatimavāpnuyām.

45. yadi etat evam uktvā tu na kuryām pṛthivīśvarāḥ
pitāmahānām sarveṣām na aham gatim avāpnuyām

45. O lords of the earth, if, having declared this, I do not then fulfill it, may I not attain the destination (gati) of all my ancestors!

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if (if, in case)

• एतत् (etat) - this (oath/declaration) (this)

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having declared (having said, having spoken)

• तु (tu) - then (emphasizing consequence) (but, indeed, yet)

• न (na) - not

• कुर्याम् (kuryām) - I fulfill (or fail to fulfill with 'na') (I should do, I would do, may I do)

• पृथिवीश्वराः (pṛthivīśvarāḥ) - O lords of the earth (O lords of the earth, O kings)

• पितामहानाम् (pitāmahānām) - of all my ancestors (of the grandfathers, of the ancestors)

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all (my ancestors) (of all)

• न (na) - not

• अहम् (aham) - I

• गतिम् (gatim) - the destination (destination, state, course, movement)

• अवाप्नुयाम् (avāpnuyām) - may I attain (may I attain, I should attain)

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if (if, in case)

(indeclinable)

Conditional particle

एतत् (etat) - this (oath/declaration) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Object of 'uktvā'.

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial particle

Note: Modifies 'uktvā'.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having declared (having said, having spoken)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root vac (to speak) + suffix -ktvā

Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - then (emphasizing consequence) (but, indeed, yet)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/Particle

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

कुर्याम् (kuryām) - I fulfill (or fail to fulfill with 'na') (I should do, I would do, may I do)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Optative

First person singular, active voice.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पृथिवीश्वराः (pṛthivīśvarāḥ) - O lords of the earth (O lords of the earth, O kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of pṛthivīśvara

pṛthivīśvara - lord of the earth, king, sovereign

Compound of pṛthivī (earth) and īśvara (lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛthivī+īśvara)

• pṛthivī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addresses the assembled kings.

पितामहानाम् (pitāmahānām) - of all my ancestors (of the grandfathers, of the ancestors)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, ancestor, Brahmā

Compound of pitṛ (father) and mahā (great) (grammatically more complex, but semantically 'great father')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+mahā)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Possessive, 'of the ancestors'.

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all (my ancestors) (of all)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Universal pronoun

Note: Agreement with 'pitāmahānām'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun

Note: Subject of 'avāpnuyām'.

गतिम् (gatim) - the destination (destination, state, course, movement)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, moving, course, state, condition, destination, refuge, liberation

From root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'avāpnuyām'.

अवाप्नुयाम् (avāpnuyām) - may I attain (may I attain, I should attain)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of avāp

Optative

First person singular, active voice, formed with prefix ava-

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)