महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-61, verse-68

तस्य संवत्सरे पूर्णे पाश एकः प्रमुच्यते ।
तस्मात्सत्यं तु वक्तव्यं जानता सत्यमञ्जसा ॥६८॥

68. tasya saṁvatsare pūrṇe pāśa ekaḥ pramucyate ,
tasmātsatyaṁ tu vaktavyaṁ jānatā satyamañjasā.

68. tasya saṃvatsare pūrṇe pāśaḥ ekaḥ pramucyate
tasmāt satyam tu vaktavyam jānatā satyam añjasā

68. When a full year is complete, one noose is released from him. Therefore, truth should certainly be spoken straightforwardly by one who knows the truth.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - from him (of him, his)

• संवत्सरे (saṁvatsare) - when a year (is complete) (in the year, after a year)

• पूर्णे (pūrṇe) - complete, ended (full, complete)

• पाशः (pāśaḥ) - a noose (of Varuṇa) (noose, bond)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one (noose) (one, a single)

• प्रमुच्यते (pramucyate) - is released, is set free

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth (truth, reality, truly)

• तु (tu) - certainly, indeed (emphasizing) (but, indeed, certainly)

• वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - should be spoken (to be spoken, should be said)

• जानता (jānatā) - by the knowing one (by one who knows)

• सत्यम् (satyam) - the truth (truth, reality, truly)

• अञ्जसा (añjasā) - straightforwardly (directly, straightforwardly, truly)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - from him (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Implies 'from him' in this context (dative/genitive often means for/to/from).

संवत्सरे (saṁvatsare) - when a year (is complete) (in the year, after a year)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃvatsara

saṁvatsara - year, a particular year

Prefix: sam

Root: vas (class 1)

पूर्णे (pūrṇe) - complete, ended (full, complete)

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of pūrṇa

pūrṇa - full, complete, fulfilled, perfected

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of √pṛ, declined as an adjective

Root: pṛ (class 3)

पाशः (pāśaḥ) - a noose (of Varuṇa) (noose, bond)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāśa

pāśa - noose, snare, bond, rope

एकः (ekaḥ) - one (noose) (one, a single)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique

प्रमुच्यते (pramucyate) - is released, is set free

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of pramuc

Present Tense

3rd person singular middle present passive of √muc with pra-prefix

Prefix: pra

Root: muc (class 6)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb 'therefore'.

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth (truth, reality, truly)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, fidelity, genuine

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Object of 'vaktavyam'

तु (tu) - certainly, indeed (emphasizing) (but, indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - should be spoken (to be spoken, should be said)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vaktavya

vaktavya - to be spoken, to be said, what should be said

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Gerundive of √vac, declined as an adjective

Root: vac (class 2)

जानता (jānatā) - by the knowing one (by one who knows)

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jānat

jānat - knowing, conscious

Present Active Participle

Instrumental singular masculine of present active participle of √jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

सत्यम् (satyam) - the truth (truth, reality, truly)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, fidelity, genuine

Root: as (class 2)

अञ्जसा (añjasā) - straightforwardly (directly, straightforwardly, truly)

(indeclinable)