महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-61, verse-60

अहं ज्यायानहं ज्यायानिति कन्येप्सया तदा ।
तयोर्देवनमत्रासीत्प्राणयोरिति नः श्रुतम् ॥६०॥

60. ahaṁ jyāyānahaṁ jyāyāniti kanyepsayā tadā ,
tayordevanamatrāsītprāṇayoriti naḥ śrutam.

60. aham jyāyān aham jyāyān iti kanyā īpsayā tadā
tayoḥ devanam atra āsīt prāṇayoḥ iti naḥ śrutam

60. Then, with the desire for the maiden, saying 'I am superior! I am superior!', a contest regarding their very lives occurred between the two of them. This is what we have heard.

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I

• ज्यायान् (jyāyān) - superior, greater, older

• अहम् (aham) - I

• ज्यायान् (jyāyān) - superior, greater, older

• इति (iti) - thus, saying, that

• कन्या (kanyā) - maiden, daughter, girl

• ईप्सया (īpsayā) - by/with the desire, with the wish

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - referring to Virocana and Sudhanvan. (of the two, between the two of them)

• देवनम् (devanam) - gambling, contest, dispute

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this regard

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• प्राणयोः (prāṇayoḥ) - of their lives, concerning their lives

• इति (iti) - thus, that

• नः (naḥ) - by us (as in, 'it is heard by us') (by us, to us)

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard, it is heard

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

First person personal pronoun.

ज्यायान् (jyāyān) - superior, greater, older

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jyāyas

jyāyas - superior, greater, older, more excellent (comparative adjective)

Comparative degree of 'vṛddha' (old/great) or 'mahat' (great).

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

First person personal pronoun.

ज्यायान् (jyāyān) - superior, greater, older

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jyāyas

jyāyas - superior, greater, older, more excellent (comparative adjective)

Comparative degree of 'vṛddha' (old/great) or 'mahat' (great).

इति (iti) - thus, saying, that

(indeclinable)

Particle, often used to introduce or conclude direct speech or thought.

कन्या (kanyā) - maiden, daughter, girl

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - maiden, daughter, virgin girl

Note: Used as the first part of a compound.

ईप्सया (īpsayā) - by/with the desire, with the wish

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of īpsā

īpsā - desire, wish, longing

Desiderative nominalization

Derived from the desiderative stem of root 'āp' (to obtain, reach) by adding the feminine suffix '-ā'.

Root: āp (class 5)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time, derived from the demonstrative pronoun 'tad'.

तयोः (tayoḥ) - referring to Virocana and Sudhanvan. (of the two, between the two of them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

देवनम् (devanam) - gambling, contest, dispute

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of devana

devana - gambling, playing, sport, contest

Action noun

Derived from root 'div' (to play, gamble) with suffix '-ana'.

Root: div (class 4)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this regard

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place/context.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of as

Root verb 'as' (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

प्राणयोः (prāṇayoḥ) - of their lives, concerning their lives

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of prāṇa

prāṇa - life-breath, vital air, life, spirit

Derived from root 'an' (to breathe) with prefix 'pra-' (forth, forward).

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, that

(indeclinable)

Particle, often used to introduce or conclude direct speech or thought.

नः (naḥ) - by us (as in, 'it is heard by us') (by us, to us)

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

Enclitic form of the first person plural pronoun.

Note: Can be dative or genitive plural. Here, it signifies the agent of hearing (by us).

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard, it is heard

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, known (by tradition)

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'śru' (to hear).

Root: śru (class 5)