महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-61, verse-75

एतानि वै समान्याहुर्दुःखानि त्रिदशेश्वराः ।
तानि सर्वाणि दुःखानि प्राप्नोति वितथं ब्रुवन् ॥७५॥

75. etāni vai samānyāhurduḥkhāni tridaśeśvarāḥ ,
tāni sarvāṇi duḥkhāni prāpnoti vitathaṁ bruvan.

75. etāni vai samāni āhuḥ duḥkhāni tridaśeśvarāḥ
tāni sarvāṇi duḥkhāni prāpnoti vitatham bruvan

75. The gods (tridaśeśvara) declare these to be common misfortunes. One who speaks falsely incurs all those misfortunes.

Words meanings summery:

• एतानि (etāni) - these

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (particle)

• समानि (samāni) - similar, equal, common

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

• दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - sorrows, sufferings, distresses

• त्रिदशेश्वराः (tridaśeśvarāḥ) - the lords of the thirty (gods)

• तानि (tāni) - those

• सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all

• दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - sorrows, sufferings, distresses

• प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - he obtains, he incurs, he reaches

• वितथम् (vitatham) - false, untrue, useless

• ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - speaking, saying

Words meanings and morphology

एतानि (etāni) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of etad

etad - this, these

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (particle)

(indeclinable)

समानि (samāni) - similar, equal, common

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of samāna

samāna - equal, similar, same, common

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of ah

Perfect active 3rd plural

From root 'ah' (defectively used in present and perfect tenses)

Root: ah

दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - sorrows, sufferings, distresses

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, distress

त्रिदशेश्वराः (tridaśeśvarāḥ) - the lords of the thirty (gods)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tridaśeśvara

tridaśeśvara - lord of the thirty (gods), a god

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tridaśa+īśvara)

• tridaśa – thirty; god (lit. 'one who has thirty')
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, god
  noun (masculine)

तानि (tāni) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those

सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - sorrows, sufferings, distresses

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, distress

प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - he obtains, he incurs, he reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prāp

Present active 3rd singular

From root 'āp' (to obtain) with prefix 'pra-'.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

वितथम् (vitatham) - false, untrue, useless

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vitatha

vitatha - false, untrue, vain, useless

ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - speaking, saying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, saying

Present active participle

Derived from root 'brū' (to speak).

Root: brū (class 2)