महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-61, verse-74

स्त्रियाः पत्या विहीनायाः सार्थाद्भ्रष्टस्य चैव यत् ।
अध्यूढायाश्च यद्दुःखं साक्षिभिर्विहतस्य च ॥७४॥

74. striyāḥ patyā vihīnāyāḥ sārthādbhraṣṭasya caiva yat ,
adhyūḍhāyāśca yadduḥkhaṁ sākṣibhirvihatasya ca.

74. striyāḥ patyā vihīnāyāḥ sārthāt bhraṣṭasya ca eva
yat adhyūḍhāyāḥ ca yat duḥkham sākṣibhiḥ vihatasya ca

74. The distress experienced by a woman bereft of her husband, by one separated from his caravan, by a woman whose co-wife has been unjustly installed, and by one defeated by witnesses – these are all considered misfortunes.

Words meanings summery:

• स्त्रियाः (striyāḥ) - of a woman

• पत्या (patyā) - by a husband

• विहीनायाः (vihīnāyāḥ) - of a woman bereft (of her husband) (of one deprived, of one forsaken, of one abandoned)

• सार्थात् (sārthāt) - from a caravan, from a company

• भ्रष्टस्य (bhraṣṭasya) - of one fallen, of one separated

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• यत् (yat) - which, that

• अध्यूढायाः (adhyūḍhāyāḥ) - of a woman whose co-wife has been taken (unjustly)

• च (ca) - and, also

• यत् (yat) - which, that

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, distress

• साक्षिभिः (sākṣibhiḥ) - by witnesses

• विहतस्य (vihatasya) - of one defeated by witnesses (of one defeated, of one struck down, of one frustrated)

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

स्त्रियाः (striyāḥ) - of a woman

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of strī

strī - woman, wife, female

पत्या (patyā) - by a husband

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pati

pati - master, lord, husband

विहीनायाः (vihīnāyāḥ) - of a woman bereft (of her husband) (of one deprived, of one forsaken, of one abandoned)

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, singular of vihīna

vihīna - deprived of, forsaken, abandoned, destitute

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'hā' (to leave) with prefix 'vi-'.

Prefix: vi

Root: hā (class 3)

सार्थात् (sārthāt) - from a caravan, from a company

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of sārtha

sārtha - caravan, company, multitude, wealth

भ्रष्टस्य (bhraṣṭasya) - of one fallen, of one separated

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhraṣṭa

bhraṣṭa - fallen, dropped, separated, corrupt

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'bhraṃś' (to fall).

Root: bhraṃś (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

अध्यूढायाः (adhyūḍhāyāḥ) - of a woman whose co-wife has been taken (unjustly)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of adhyūḍhā

adhyūḍhā - a woman whose co-wife is taken, a super-induced wife (taken during another's lifetime)

Past Passive Participle (feminine form) used as a noun

From 'adhī' (over, upon) + 'vah' (to carry, marry).

Prefix: adhi

Root: vah (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, distress

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, distress

साक्षिभिः (sākṣibhiḥ) - by witnesses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sākṣin

sākṣin - witness, observer

विहतस्य (vihatasya) - of one defeated by witnesses (of one defeated, of one struck down, of one frustrated)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vihata

vihata - struck, defeated, ruined, frustrated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'han' (to strike, kill) with prefix 'vi-'.

Prefix: vi

Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)